基于热图和聚类分析新疆7个产地荒漠肉苁蓉中氨基酸含量及其营养价值评价

目的 探究新疆和田不同产地产地荒漠肉苁蓉中氨基酸组成特征,并对其进行营养价值评价。方法 采用氨基酸分析仪对荒漠肉苁蓉中氨基酸的组成与含量进行测定,通过氨基酸比值系数法对其进行营养价值评价,并对氨基酸的含量进行聚类热图分析。结果 7个产区荒漠肉苁蓉中至少含有16种氨基酸,总氨基酸含量范围为(26.716±0.065)~(38.597±0.109)mg/g,其中必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸、药用氨基酸、儿童氨基酸、支链氨基酸、抗菌氨基酸和伯氨基氨基酸含量分别为(9.856±0.067 )~(13.794±0.044)、(16.860±0.015)~(24.803±0.105 )、(16.535±0.030)~(23.755±0.076)、(13.152±0.084)~(18.785±0.048)、(5.343±0.029)~(7.552±0.0643)、(3.160±0.009 )~(4.473±0.031)、(14.266±0.019 )~(21.310±0.101)mg/g；甜味氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸、苦味氨基酸、芳香族氨基酸的含量分别占总氨基酸含量的32.63%~35.26%、29.48%~34.20%、24.65%~29.77%、5.12%~8.74%；必需氨基酸/总氨基酸、必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸含量的百分比、氨基酸评分系数分别为33.80~37.03%、51.06~58.80%、83.4~89.8；聚类热图按照氨基酸的含量将7个产地划分为2类。结论 新疆和田不同产地荒漠肉苁蓉的氨基酸含量丰富,氨基酸种类之间没有显著差异性,但是在氨基酸含量以及营养价值方面存在差异,就氨基酸而言,民丰县和洛浦县产地荒漠肉苁蓉中氨基酸含量较高。

Determination of amino acids content in Desert Cistanche from 7 habitats of Xinjiang based on heatmap and cluster analysis and their nutrition value evaluation

Objective To explore the characteristics of amino acid composition in Cistanche deserticola from different producing areas in Hetian, Xinjiang, and evaluate its nutritional value. Methods The composition and content of amino acids in Cistanche deserticola were determined by amino acid analyzer. The nutritional value was evaluated by amino acid ratio coefficient method, and the content of amino acids was analyzed by cluster heat map.Results There were at least 16 kinds of amino acids in Cistanche deserticola from seven producing areas, and the total amino acid content ranged from ( 26.716 ± 0.065 ) to ( 38.597 ± 0.109 ) mg / g. The contents of essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids, medicinal amino acids, children ''s amino acids, branched-chain amino acids, antibacterial amino acids and primary amino acids were ( 9.856 ± 0.067 ) ~ ( 13.794 ± 0.044 ), ( 16.860 ± 0.015 ) ~ ( 24.803 ± 0.105 ), ( 16.535 ± 0.030 ) ~ ( 23.755 ± 0.076 ), ( 13.152 ± 0.084 ) ~ ( 18.785 ± 0.048 ), ( 5.343 ± 0.029 ) ~ ( 7.552 ± 0.0643 ), ( 3.160 ± 0.009 ) ~ ( 4.473 ± 0.031 ), ( 14.266 ± 0.019 ) ~ ( 21.310 ± 0.101 ) mg / g, respectively.The contents of sweet amino acids, umami amino acids, bitter amino acids and aromatic amino acids accounted for 32.63 % ~ 35.26 %, 29.48 % ~ 34.20 %, 24.65 % ~ 29.77 % and 5.12 % ~ 8.74 % of the total amino acids, respectively. The percentage of essential amino acids / total amino acids, essential amino acids / non-essential amino acids, and amino acid score coefficients were 33.80-37.03 %, 51.06-58.80 %, and 83.4-89.8, respectively. The cluster heat map divided the seven producing areas into two categories according to the content of amino acids.Conclusion The amino acid content of Cistanche deserticola in different producing areas of Hotan, Xinjiang is rich, and there is no significant difference between amino acid types, but there are differences in amino acid content and nutritional value. In terms of amino acids, the amino acid content of Cistanche deserticola in Minfeng County and Luopu County is higher.