制备生物柴油的固体酸催化剂研究进展

生物柴油是一种绿色可再生能源。目前，大多采用高活性的固体酸催化酯化、酯交换反应进行制备，该工艺具有产品与催化剂易分离、催化剂可回收再生且环保等优点。本文综述了固体超强酸、负载型固体酸、金属氧化物及复合物、沸石分子筛、阳离子交换树脂、离子液体及杂多酸等不同类型固体酸催化剂催化制备生物柴油的最新研究进展，包括催化剂的制备、活性、催化行为。最后，对制备生物柴油的固体酸在物理化学性质、成本等方面的研究进行展望。

Research progress in the preparation of biodiesel with solid acid as the catalyst

Biodiesel is a kind of environment friendly renewable energy. Currently，it can be prepared through esterification and transesterification reaction in the presence of solid acids as highly efficient catalysts. In this recyclable and environment friendly process，it is easy to separate the catalyst from the reaction mixture. In this paper，the preparation，activity，and catalytic behavior of several types of solid acid catalysts，including solid superacids，supported solid acids，metal oxides and complexes，zeolites，cation exchange resins，ionic liquids and heteropolyacids，as well as their applications in biodiesel preparation were reviewed. Research on the physic-chemical properties and the cost of solid acids in the preparation of biodiesel are also prospected.