珠江防洪减灾对策探讨

珠江洪水的特征：一是峰高，量大，历时长，二是洪水遭遇情况复杂，三是西江，北江，东江洪水特性差异较大。珠江洪患严重，进入９０年代以来，流域内频发大洪水，特大洪水，造成了极大的损失。近２０ａ来，由于堤防洪，修建桥梁，码头，管线，河道淤积，河口无序围垦，以及在河道内过量采砂，使河道发生了很大变化，同时引起水情变化。

Discussion on Countermeasures of Flood Control and Disaster Mitigation of Pearl River

The flood of Pearl River shows characteristics of high peak, high water flow, long lasting time, complicated flood regime and obvious flood feature difference between Xjiang, Beijiang and Dongjiang Rivers. The PearlRiver is suffering from serious flood disaster. During 1990s, the Pearl River basin suffered from frequent ordinary flood and severe flood, causing great property loss. In recent twenty years, tremendous changes of the river channel have taken place caused by the construction of bridges, wharves and tube lines and unreasonable estuary reclamation as well as excessive sand dredging in river channel.At same time water regime has changed greatly. Although the Pearl River basin has gained great achievements in construction of flood control projects and also the effects of flood control and disaster mitigation are noticeable, there are still many existed problems of flood control system.According to the short-time target of flood control in Pearl River basin, following countermeasures are put forward in this paper: revising the flood control plan, optimizing the overall arrangement of flood contro and disaster mitigation, giving importance on levee construction, fastening the progress of estuary treatment and river channel drudging, construction flood control reservoirs, rein forcing the damaged reservoirs,strengthening the treatment of water loss and soil erosion, protecting water souce, improving the ecological environment, putting the rule of "Policy of Water Conservancy Industry"into practice, increasing the flood control investment, strengthening the non-engineering countermeasures and research on disaster mitigation policy.