重庆市农业用水量与农业经济发展脱钩程度的时空变化

在系统分析重庆市不同水文条件下农业用水量及农业经济发展水平变化特征的基础上,对重庆市及其38个县(区)的农业用水量与农业经济发展之间的脱钩程度、时序演变和空间分布规律进行了定量评价和综合分析。结果表明:重庆市水资源总量时空分布不均且与农业经济发展不匹配;农业用水量受到水文条件变化的影响,特枯年份农业用水量无法得到保障,农业生产产值也随之降低;重庆市农业用水量与农业产值总体上一直处于脱钩状态,且脱钩程度随水文特征的变化而变化,由平水年到枯水年时,脱钩状态不稳定,水资源总量减少时,农业用水量与农业产值之间多数处于不理想的脱钩状态;由枯水年到平水年时,农业用水量与农业产值由较为理想的弱脱钩状态向理想的强脱钩状态转化;2014—2016年,随着水资源由平水—偏枯—平水变化,重庆市约72.9%的县(区)农业用水量与农业产值之间的关系得到改善。

Spatial-temporal change characteristics of decoupling between agricultural water consumption and agricultural economic development in Chongqing

Based on the systematic analysis of the characteristics of agricultural water consumption and agricultural economic development level under different hydrological conditions in Chongqing, a quantitative evaluation and comprehensive analysis were made on the decoupling degree, time series evolution and spatial distribution law between agricultural water consumption and agricultural economic development in Chongqing and its 38 counties. The results show that the spatial and temporal distribution of total water resources in Chongqing is uneven and does not match with the development of agricultural economy. The agricultural water consumption in Chongqing is affected by the changes of hydrological conditions. The agricultural water consumption cannot be guaranteed, and agricultural production value is also reduced in especially dry years. The agricultural water consumption and the agricultural output value of Chongqing have been in the state of decoupling, and the degree of decoupling varies with the change of hydrological characteristics. The decoupling state is very unstable from the normal year to the dry year, when the total amount of water resources decreases, most of the agricultural water consumption and agricultural output value are in an unsatisfactory decoupling state. From the dry year to the normal year, the decoupling state of agricultural water consumption and agricultural output value changes from the ideal weak one to the ideal strong one. From 2014 to 2016, the relationship between agricultural water consumption and agricultural output value was improved in about 72. 9% of the counties(districts)of Chongqing with the change of water resources from normal to dry to normal.