蜂蜜中原蜜黄酮类化合物HPLC图谱比较分析

利用高效液相色谱比较分析不同蜂种、不同产地、加工与否以及不同蜜源蜂蜜中原蜜黄酮类化合物的种类及含量差异。结果表明,意大利蜜蜂油菜原蜜和中华蜜蜂油菜原蜜总峰数和峰形都比较相似,意大利蜜蜂油菜原蜜的总黄酮含量比中华蜜蜂油菜原蜜总黄酮含量高。不同产地的意大利蜜蜂油菜原蜜的图谱峰形整体相似,总黄酮含量和黄酮类化合物种类大致相同。加工后的商品蜜总黄酮含量减少,黄酮类化合物的种类也减少,商品蜜的高效液相色谱图显示其黄酮类化合物的出峰时间靠前,主要密集分布在水溶性的分离相中。3个不同蜜源蜂蜜原蜜黄酮类化合物高效液相色谱图的总峰数和峰形都有较大差异,油菜原蜜、洋槐原蜜及柑橘原蜜的总峰数分别为65、58、70个,柑橘原蜜的总黄酮含量最高,达161.62μg/100 g。单花蜂蜜原蜜黄酮类化合物的高效液相色谱图峰形具有一定的特异性,可以作为指纹图谱用于蜂蜜蜜源的鉴定。

Comparative HPLC Analysis of Flavonoids from Different Raw Honeys

In this study, by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), we compared the flavonoid composition and contents of raw honey from different honeybee species, different geographic origins and different floral sources and commercial processed honey. The results showed that Chinese honeybee (Apis cerana cerana) and Italy honeybee (Apis mellifera ligustica) rape honey were similar in terms of total peak number and peak shape, but the total flavonoids content of Italy honeybee rape honey was higher than that of its Chinese counterpart. Italy honeybee rape honeys from different producing areas had a high similarity in the HPLC profiles, and they were almost identical with respect to the number and amount of flavonoids identified. The number and amount of flavonoids detected in processed honey were reduced as compared to the raw one. The HPLC profile of processed honey indicated that the chromatographic peaks of flavonoids occurred earlier, which were intensively distributed in the water-soluble phase. Considerable differences in total peak number and peak shape were found among raw honey from different floral sources; a total of 65, 58 and 70 flavonoid peaks were identified from rape honey, acacia honey and citrus honey, respectively, and citrus honey had the highest flavonoid content (161.62 μg/100 g). The HPLC peak shape of flavonoids in monofloral honey showed some specificity, providing a characteristic fingerprint for the identification of honey species.