8种抗寒平欧杂交榛子油脂成分分析及比较

比较8种平欧榛子的差异性,利用索氏提取法测定油脂含量,气相色谱法和比色法进行油脂脂肪酸组成和α-VE含量分析,聚类分析用于区分其类别。结果表明:8种平欧榛子有显著差异,含油量平均为56.36%,范围为52.92%~59.24%;单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸、饱和脂肪酸的平均相对含量分别为72.54%、16.11%、7.85%;最丰富的脂肪酸是油酸,平均相对含量为72.29%,亚油酸与油酸总含量超过85%;α-VE含量为113.42~285.16μg/g。用3个主成分PC1(43.384%)、PC2(34.436%)、PC3(12.606%)作为合成变量通过聚类分析可得到4个类群:4#、5#、6#、7#为一类,8#为一类,2#、3#为一类,1#为一类。

Comparative Analysis of Oils of 8 Cold-Resistant Flat-European Hybrid Varieties of Hazelnuts (Corylus heterophylla Fisch. × Corylus avellana L.)

Different varieties of flat-European hazelnuts have different contents of nutrients, especially oil content, fatty acid composition, and α-vitamin E content. This study was designed to compare the diversity of 8 flat-European hybrid varieties of hazelnuts. Oil contents were determined with Soxhlet extraction. Fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography and colorimetry. Cluster analysis was applied for discrimination among these varieties. The results showed that there were significant differences in the contents of nutrients among 8 varieties. The mean oil content was 56.36% ranging from 52.92% to 59.24%. Monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and saturated fatty acids averagely accounted for 72.54%, 16.11%, and 7.85% of the total fatty acids, respectively; oleic acid, the most abundant fatty acid, represented about 72.29%. The contents of linoleic acid and oleic acid were more than 85%. α-VE content ranged from 113.42 to 285.16 μg/g. The eight varieties were clustered into four groups: varieties 4#, 5#, 6#, and 7# in group 1, 8# in group 2, 2# and 3# in group 3, and 1# in group 4. The first three principal components accounted for 43.384 % (PC1), 34.436% (PC2) and 12.606% (PC3) of the total variation, respectively.