新开河4种水生植物表面附着微生物群落特征

以水生植物金鱼藻、伊乐藻、萍蓬草和菱角为研究对象,利用扫描电镜、荧光显微镜和16S rRNA高通量测序技术,探究不同水生植物表面微生物群落特征。结果表明:沉水植物表面附生藻类密度比浮叶植物的高,且植物表面附生藻类组成与周围水体明显不同;浮叶植物萍蓬草和菱角根部的微生物群落结构与其叶表面的差异较大。4种水生植物表面附着细菌群落优势门类依次为变形菌门、厚壁菌门、绿弯菌门、拟杆菌门、酸杆菌门和疣微菌门,具有水体污染物质净化功能;两种类型水生植物表面附着有大量微生物,且不同植物之间和同种植物不同器官之间的优势种存在一定的差异。

Characteristics of microbial communities in biofilm of four aquatic macrophytes in Xinkai River

Taking Ceratophyllum demersum, Elodea nuttallii, Nuphar pumilum and Trapa natans as the study objects, the distribution of epiphytic microbes and bacterial community structure of different aquatic macrophytes were probed by scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the density of epiphytic algae was higher on the submerged plants than those on the floating plants. And the composition of epiphytic algae was significantly different from that of surrounding water. The community structure on the roots of floating plants(Nuphar pumilum, Trapa natans)was significantly different from those attached to the leaves. The dominant phyla of bacteria attached to the surface of four aquatic plants were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia, which had the function of purifying polluted water. There were a large number of epiphytic microorganisms on two types of plants, and there were some differences in the dominant species between different aquatic macrophytes and between different organs on the same plants.