含介孔结构Y型分子筛的制备及其在催化裂化反应中的应用

釆用水热法分别以三嵌段聚合物（F127）和表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）为模板剂制备含有介孔结构的Y型分子筛，利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜、N2吸附-脱附和氨气程序升温脱附等技术对分子筛进行表征。以水热处理后的超稳Y（USY）分子筛为原料合成催化剂，考察多级孔结构Y型分子筛对轻柴油催化裂化性能的影响。X射线衍射和扫描电镜结果表明，合成过程中模板剂的加入对Y型分子筛的结构和形貌没有影响。N2吸附-脱附和酸性分析结果表明，模板法合成的USY分子筛较常规USY分子筛的介孔孔体积和总酸量增大。由于孔道结构和酸性的双重影响，模板法合成催化剂的催化裂化性能高于常规方法合成催化剂的催化裂化性能。催化裂化反应结果表明，以F127为模板剂合成的F-MCAT样品表现出较好的催化性能，其微反活性比未加模板剂的催化剂样品高3.89百分点。

PREPARATION OF MESOPOROUS Y ZEOLITE BY TEMPLATE METHOD AND ITS APPLICATION IN CATALYTIC CRACKING

The mesoporous Y zeolites were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method with three block polymer（F127）or cationic surfactant cetyl trimethylammonium bromide（CTAB）as template. The samples were characterized by XRD，SEM，TEM，N2 adsorption and desorption，and NH3-TPD. The catalytic cracking properties of the catalysts synthesized were evaluated in a micro-activity test unit，and light diesel was used as feedstock. The results of XRD and SEM showed that the hierarchical Y zeolites prepared using template had no difference in the structure and morphology with conventional USY. The analysis of N2 adsorption and desorption isotherms and NH3-TPD demonstrated that the mesoporous volume and total acid sites increased with the addition of templates. Compared to conventional catalyst CAT，the catalyst F-MCAT preparaed by F-MUSY using F127 as templates exhibited a better catalytic cracking property，and the micro-activity was 3.89 percentage points higher than that without template. It is concluded that the abundant mesopores volume and appropriate acidity have a stimulating effect on catalytic activity.