2008—2017年中国典型滑坡堰塞坝(湖)灾害事件统计与初步分析

滑坡堰塞坝相关的地质灾害链每年给我国造成了大量经济损失和人员伤亡，通过数据统计，分析了2008—2017年我国滑坡堰塞坝的触发因素及其分布规律。结果表明，2008—2017年我国形成的有记录的滑坡堰塞坝超过100座，大地震和强降雨是其最主要的触发因素，触发案例占统计总量的90%以上。地域分布上，西南地区是滑坡堰塞坝相关灾害的重灾区，堰塞坝数量占统计总量的80%以上。四川省因接连发生汶川地震、芦山地震，堰塞坝数量远远大于其他地区；排名第2的是台湾省，由于每年均遭受台风的影响，2008—2017年台湾地区形成的有具体数据记录的滑坡堰塞坝11个，占总量的10.2%；其次是云南省、重庆市等省市。时间分布上，除2008年之外，我国滑坡堰塞坝的形成数量基本上在正常范围内波动。

Statistics and preliminary analysis for typical landslide dams in China in past decade

The geological disaster chain related to landslide dams has caused a lot of economic losses and casualties to China every year. Based on data statistics, the triggering factors and distribution rules of landslide dams in China in the past 10 years were analyzed. The results show that, there has been more than 100 recorded landslide dams in China. Earthquakes and heavy rainfalls are the main trigger factors, since they account for more than 90% of the total statistics. In terms of geographical distribution, Southwestern China is the heavy disaster-area of hazards related to landslide dams, and the landslide dam number accounts for more than 80% of the total statistics. The number of landslide dams in Sichuan Province is far more than that of other provinces, as it has suffered from the Wenchuan earthquake and the Lushan earthquake. Taiwan Province ranks the second, since there are 11 landslide dams recorded in the past 10 years due to the impact of typhoons yearly, accounting for 10. 2% of the total, followed by Yunnan, Chongqing and other provinces. In terms of temporal distribution, the number of landslide dams is basically fluctuating within the normal range except for the year 2008.