Executive functions and adhd in adults: Evidence for selective effects on ADHD symptom domains. |
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Authors: | Nigg, Joel T. Stavro, Gillian Ettenhofer, Mark Hambrick, David Z. Miller, Torri Henderson, John M. |
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Abstract: | Dual-process models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest that both executive functioning and regulatory functions (e.g., processing speed) are involved and that executive function weaknesses may be associated specifically with symptoms of inattention-disorganization but not hyperactivity-impulsivity. Adults aged 18-37 (105 with ADHD, 90 controls) completed a neuropsychological battery. The ADHD group had weaker performance than did the control group (p = .01) on both executive and speed measures. Symptoms of inattention-disorganization were uniquely related to executive functioning with hyperactivity-impulsivity controlled. Inattention was associated with slower response speed, and hyperactivity-impulsivity with faster output speed. Results were not accounted for by IQ, age, gender, education level, or comorbid disorders. Findings are discussed in terms of developmental and dual-process models of ADHD leading into adulthood. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) |
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Keywords: | attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ADHD symptoms executive functioning regulatory functions dual-process model |
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