季铵型阳离子淀粉絮凝剂的微波干法合成、结构表征及应用研究

以3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵为阳离子醚化剂，天然淀粉为原料，微波干法合成具有絮凝、杀菌等功能季铵型阳离子淀粉絮凝剂。研究了各种因素对合成的影响，确定了最佳反应条件。结果表明：在阳离子醚化剂与淀粉摩尔比0．35，NaOn与阳离子醚化剂摩尔比1．2，微波功率184W，辐射时间5min时，产物相对粘度为3．18（0．5％）左右，阳离子取代度为0．31。所得产品与无机絮凝剂PAC复配后具有较好的絮凝及杀菌效果。

SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURE AND APPLICATION OF CATIONIC STARCH FLOCCULANT BEARING QUATERNARY AMMONIUM GROUPS BY MICROWAVE RADIATION IN DRY PROCESS

The cationic starch flocculant bearing quaternary ammonium groups was synthesized with natural polymeric starch as raw material and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chlorate as cationic etherifying agent by microwave radiation in dry process. The flocculant had good flocculation and bactericidal function. The effects of miscellaneous factors on synthesis were investigated and the optimum conditions were determined from orthogonal test.The result showed that the relative viscosity of product was 3.18 and the degree of cation substitution was 0.31 when the molar ratio of cationic etherifying agent to starch was 0.35, the molar ratio of NaOH to cationic etherifying agent was 1.2, microwave power was 184W, and radiation time was 5min. The products were used to treat a polluted Xingqing lake water sample for flocculation and bactericidal action together with PAC as coagulant and were shown to be more effective than PAM and 1227.