约束对盘形制动摩擦噪声影响的有限元研究

建立了铁路车辆盘形制动装置的三维实体有限元模型，分别为该模型中的制动盘、闸片和夹钳等部件设置了不同的材料特性。利用线性弹簧力模拟制动摩擦面间的法向力，摩擦力取为线性弹簧力与摩擦因数的乘积。通过对系统有限元运动方程进行复特征值分析，根据复特征根实部为正值判断系统发生失稳的模态，这也是可能产生摩擦噪声的模态。仿真结果显示，系统的约束条件对摩擦噪声的形成有显著的影响。改变模型的约束条件，可以抑制制动系统的摩擦噪声发生趋势，说明通过优化设置约束条件来提高摩擦系统的运动稳定性从而抑制摩擦噪声的发生是可行的。

A Finite Element Study on the Influence of Constraints on Squeal Propensities of a Railway Vehicle Disc Brake System

An entire model of a railway vehicle disc brake system was established.In the model,different properties of materials for the disc,pads,pad brackets and caliper was included.The normal force at the contact interface was simulated with a spring depending on the relative normal displacement of contact nodes,and Coulomb's friction law was applied.A finite element analysis of friction motion stability of the model was carried out using commercial finite element software.The Lanczos' method was applied to solve eigenvalues of the motion equations for the model.If the real part of an eigenvalue is positive,the corresponding mode is unstable,which may result in squeal.The numeric simulation result shows that the constraints have a distinct influence on the occurrence of brake squeal.It is feasible to promote motion stability of disc brake systems and to suppress squeal by designing appropriate constraints for disc brake systems.