破碎波条件下海岸防浪林对波浪爬高消减的试验研究

海岸防浪林对于抵御风暴潮袭击作用巨大,可以有效削减风暴潮灾害。以往的研究多偏重于植物消浪的微观机理研究,模型试验选取的波浪条件一般为非破碎波,防浪林一般采用刚性杆进行概化模拟,这与实际海岸的破碎波条件及实际种植的防浪林的外形条件差异都很大。本文为了能够使模拟结果更符合沿海实际情况,在树种的概化模拟上以目前沿海实际种植的防浪林树种为模拟对象,同时,模拟了近岸破碎波对海岸的冲击,波浪条件上与实际更为接近。通过物理模型试验,系统研究了海岸防浪林带种植宽度、种植排列方式、树种高度和滩地坡度等对消浪效果的影响,同时还研究了树干与树冠的消浪效果贡献比。

Experimental investigation into the effects of the counter-wave plants under the condition of broken waves

Counter-wave plants constructed along sea walls can maximally counteract the waves before they reach the banks to decrease the dangers caused by typhoon. However,systematic research,statistical analy-sis and scientific scheduling, especially module experiments are still lack of further investigation. In order to make the simulation as practical as possible,the simulated plants are adopted from the real tree species planted in coastal regions. Meanwhile, the impacts exerted by fragmentized waves along shore was consid-ered to ensure the high approximation of the real boundary conditions. The effects of both bio and non-bio elements in counter-wave system were compared by using plastic trees to represent the mangrove commonly planted in coastal regions.