海陆过渡相超深层页岩储层特征——以川东北普光气田Y4井上二叠统龙潭组下段为例

为探索超深层条件下海陆过渡相页岩储层特征,针对川东北地区普光气田Y4井上二叠统龙潭组泥页岩开展了有机地球化学、矿物组成、孔隙结构、物性等分析测试。龙潭组泥页岩具有高有机碳含量(主峰区间3.77%～10.72%),Ⅱ₂—Ⅲ型干酪根及过成熟特征(R_o介于3.82%～3.97%);总孔体积均值为0.047 mL/g,比表面积均值为31.8 m²/g,孔隙度均值为6.64%;储集空间类型以有机孔、黏土矿物层片间孔、脆性矿物溶蚀孔及微裂缝为主,形态多为平行板状与两端开放管状。深水潟湖环境下泥页岩孔隙度与有机碳、黄铁矿、石英含量呈正相关,说明缺氧还原、水体稳定的沉积环境控制着原始矿物组成与结构,同时刚性矿物颗粒与有机质、黏土矿物有效络合,为有机孔保存提供了必要条件。受碾平式改造作用影响的扁平状有机质大孔与密集发育的有机质微—介孔、黏土矿物晶间孔缝、脆性矿物孔缝组成储集网络,最终形成深水潟湖微相超深层泥页岩储层。

Characteristics of ultra-deep shale reservoir of marine-continental transitional facies:a case study of lower member of Upper Permian Longtan Formationin well Y4, Puguang Gas Field,northeastern Sichuan Basin

In order to explore the characteristics of marine-continental transitional shale reservoir under overburden conditions, studies of organic geochemistry, mineral composition, parameters of pore structure and physical properties of shale in well Y4 of the Upper Permian Longtan Formation in the Puguang exploration area of northeastern Sichuan Basin were carried out. The shale of the Longtan Formation is characterized by high abundance of organic matter (ranging from 3.77% to 10.72%), humic and sapropelic organic matter (kerogen type of Ⅱ₂ to Ⅲ) and post stage of maturation (%R_o values ranging from 3.82% to 3.97%). The average pore volume, specific surface area and porosity of shale are 0.047 mL/g, 31.8 m2/g and 6.64%, respectively. Reservoir space is mainly composed of organic pores, interlayer pores of clay minerals, dissolution pores of brittle minerals and micro fractures. The main pore structure is parallel plate-shaped pores and open tubular pores at both ends. The porosity of shale is positively correlated with the contents of TOC, pyrite and quartz in deep-water lagoon environment, which indicated that the original mineral composition and structure were controlled by anoxic reduction and stable water environment. Meanwhile, the effective complexation of rigid mineral particles with organic matter and clay minerals provided necessary conditions for the preservation of organic pores. Reservoir network is consisted of flat organic macropores affected by flattening transformation, densely-developed organic pores, intergranular pores and fractures of brittle minerals, and finally formed ultra-deep shale reservoir deposited in deep-water lagoon microfacies.