CO2电催化还原产合成气研究进展

CO₂电催化还原产合成气是通过CO₂资源化利用实现碳中和的有效途径之一，但仍存在过电位高、选择性差、难以精准调控合成气组成比例等问题。本文综述了CO₂电催化还原产合成气的催化剂研究进展，包括金属催化剂、金属配合物催化剂、金属氧化物及硫化物催化剂、金属单原子催化剂以及非金属催化剂等；进一步地，概述了H型电解池、连续流电解池、固体氧化物电解池以及膜反应器电解池等电化学反应池特征。在此基础上，总结了提升CO₂电催化还原产合成气效率的有效策略，包括阳极反应耦合、双活性位催化剂结构设计以及催化剂多级形貌调控等。最后探讨了CO₂电催化还原产合成气领域未来的发展方向：通过机器学习辅助催化剂设计筛选；结合多尺度模拟理解电化学界面过程；利用原位表征技术探究反应机理等。

Research progress of CO2 electrocatalytic reduction to syngas

Electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction to syngas is one of the effective ways to realize CO₂ utilization, but some problems, such as high overpotential, poor selectivity and difficulty in accurately regulating the composition of syngas, still exist in its application. This paper reviews the research progresses of the electrocatalysts for CO₂ reduction to syngas, including metal catalysts, metal complex catalysts, metal oxide and sulfide catalysts, as well as single atom catalysts and non-metallic catalysts. Furthermore, the characteristics of H-type cell, continuous flow cell, solid oxide electrolytic cell and membrane reactor electrolytic cell are introduced. Also, effective strategies to improve the catalytic efficiency of CO₂ electroreduction to syngas are summarized, including anodic reaction coupling, structure design of double-active site catalysts and control of catalysts' hierarchical morphology. Finally, the future development directions of syngas production by CO₂ electroreduction are discussed, including machine learning aided catalyst design, understanding the interfacial electrochemical process with multi-scale simulation and exploring the reaction mechanism using operando characterizations.