废弃塑料化学回收及升级再造研究进展

塑料对人类社会进步和经济发展发挥着重要作用，但其大规模生产和不恰当的处置已造成了严重的生态灾难。通过化学回收和化学升级再造的方法将废弃塑料转化为高附加值的产品是实现塑料资源可持续发展的关键技术之一。本综述总结了近年来废弃塑料的回收现状和化学升级再造的途径，包括催化热解、化学解聚、催化氢解、光催化、化学氧化等，着重探讨了反应条件对于产物分布和产率的影响、催化剂的构效关系及反应机理等。针对目前存在的反应条件严苛、催化剂成本高且重复利用性差等问题，提出未来研究方向包括优化工艺条件、弄清催化剂失活机理和开发价格低廉的高效催化剂，有望进一步实现废塑料资源化利用的工业化发展。

Recent progresses in chemical recycling and upcycling of waste plastics

Plastics play an important role in social and economic development, while their mass production and inappropriate disposal have caused serious ecological disasters. The transformation of waste plastics into value-added products through chemical recycling and upcycling is one of the key technologies to achieve sustainable development of plastic resources. This review comprehensively summarizes recent progress in waste plastic valorization by various methods (e.?g., catalytic pyrolysis, solvolysis, hydrogenolysis, photocatalysis, chemical oxidation, etc.), focusing on discussing the effects of reaction conditions on product distribution and yields, structure-activity relationships, and reaction mechanisms. In view of the existing problems such as harsh reaction conditions, high catalyst cost and low reuse ability, future research directions are proposed, including optimization of process conditions, clarification of catalyst deactivation mechanism and development of inexpensive and efficient catalysts, which are expected to realize the industrial development of plastic resource utilization.