多孔有机聚合物在固相萃取应用中的研究进展

多孔有机聚合物（POPs）具有良好的耐酸碱稳定性、水稳定性、高的比表面积和丰富多孔结构，在固相萃取过程（SPE）中可加速传质和降低柱压，其丰富的功能基有利于提高吸附性能，可有效改善商品化SPE柱选择性较差、使用寿命较短且萃取效率不高等问题。近年来，应用到SPE领域的POPs主要包括超交联聚合物、共价有机骨架、多孔芳香骨架和共轭微孔聚合物四类。针对分析对象选择合适POPs的关键点在于设计引入更多活性位点获得更高的萃取效率以及合成与目标分析物尺寸相匹配的POPs。本文综述了POPs的分类、结构类型及合成方法，介绍了不同类型的POPs材料及其在SPE领域的应用，阐述分析了各方法的检测原理及优势。随着POPs的飞速发展，孔径精确可控的官能化POPs将会在食品分析、药物分析和环境检测等领域发挥更为重要的作用。

Progress in Application of Porous Organic Polymers in Solid Phase Extraction

Porous organic polymers （POPs） possess the merits of good resistance to acid， alkali， water， high specific surface area and porous structure， which can accelerate mass transfer and reduce column pressure in solid phase extraction （SPE） process. Moreover， POPs’ rich functional groups are conducive to its adsorption performance. The poor selectivity， short lifetime and low extraction efficiency of commercial SPE column can be evidently improved by POPs-based SPE methods. Recently， hypercrosslinked polymers， covalent organic frameworks， porous aromatic frameworks and conjugated microporous polymers have been used in SPE. The key point of selecting suitable POPs for target analytes is introducing more active sites to obtain higher extraction efficiency， and synthesizing POPs that match the pore size of target analytes. In this paper， the classification and synthesis of POPs were reviewed， different types of POPs and their applications in SPE were also introduced. Additionally， the detection principle of each method was analyzed. With the rapid development of POPs， functionalized POPs with controllable pore size will play important roles in food analysis， drug analysis and environmental monitoring.