阳离子型表面活性剂与聚合物复配体系协同减阻作用

为探究阳离子型表面活性剂和聚合物复配体系的协同减阻作用，以阳离子型表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基氯化铵（CTAC）和聚合物聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）为研究对象，设计搭建多功能湍流减阻实验测试装置，实验分析聚合物离子类型对复配体系协同减阻的影响，优选复配体系，进一步研究复配体系协同减阻作用随表面活性剂浓度、聚合物浓度、温度的变化规律。实验结果表明：CPAM-CTAC/NaSal复配体系协同减阻作用>AmPAM-CTAC/NaSal复配体系协同减阻作用>NPAM-CTAC/NaSal复配体系协同减阻作用>APAM-CTAC/NaSal复配体系协同减阻作用。CPAM-CTAC/NaSal复配体系的协同减阻作用在CTAC/NaSal浓度达到聚合物饱和浓度（PSP）0.3g/L时到达顶峰，平均减阻效率高达69.22%；当CTAC/NaSal浓度增加至0.5g/L后，平均减阻率迅速减小至10.08%，复配体系的临界广义雷诺数亦迅速降至7535.20，抗剪切性减弱。随着CPAM浓度由0.05g/L增加到0.2g/L，减阻破坏区减阻率可由9.08%增加至57.49%，临界广义雷诺数由31272.43增加到45033.36，抗剪切性增强；当CPAM浓度超过第二临界缔合浓度（CAC Ⅱ）0.15g/L后，减阻破坏区减阻率增加趋势及抗剪切性增强趋势均变缓。此外，相较于单一减阻剂，复配体系耐温性显著增强，55℃时最大减阻率增至69.05%。

Synergistic drag reduction effect of cationic surfactant and polymer compound system

In order to explore the synergistic drag reduction effect of composite system of cationic surfactant and polymer, the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) and polymer polyacrylamide (PAM) were as the research objects. The multi-functional turbulent drag reduction experimental apparatus was designed and built, which was applied to study the effect of polymer ion type on the synergistic drag reduction of the compound system, optimize the compound system and analyze the effect of surfactant concentration/polymer concentration on the synergistic drag reduction of the compound system. The experimental results showed that synergistic drag reduction effect of different ion types PAM and CATC/NaSal compound system was presented as CPAM>AmPAM>NPAM>APAM and the CPAM-CTAC/NaSal was the optimal compound system. When the CTAC/NaSal concentration was 0.3g/L of PSP, the synergistic drag reduction effect of the CPAM-CTAC/NaSal compound system was the strongest, the DR and shear resistance reached its peak, and the average drag reduction rate was as high as 69.22%. When CTAC/NaSal increased to 0.5g/L, the average drag reduction rate quickly decreased to 10.08%, the critical generalized Reynolds number of the compound system also quickly dropped to 7535.20, and the shear resistance was weakened. As the CPAM concentration increased from 0.05g/L to 0.2g/L, the drag reduction rate in the drag reduction damage zone can increase from 9.08% to 57.49% with increasing critical generalized Reynolds number from 31272.43 to 45033.36, and the shear resistance was enhanced. When the CPAM concentration exceeded the second critical association concentration (CAC Ⅱ) 0.15g/L, the increasing trend of the drag reduction rate in the damage zone of drag reduction and shear resistance slowed down. In addition, compared with a single drag reducer, the temperature resistance of the compound system was significantly enhanced and the maximum drag reduction efficiency at 55℃ was increased to 69.05%.