机床传动系统的故障诊断

机床传动系统故障往往会影响到机床的加工精度.正确选择故障诊断方法、准确提取典型故障的特征是机床传动系统故障诊断的关键,文中介绍了几种常用故障分析方法和机床传动系统常见故障的特征,包括传动齿轮的齿形误差、齿轮均匀磨损、箱体共振、轴轻度弯曲、断齿、轴不平衡、轴向窜动、轴承疲劳剥落和点蚀等故障发生时其振动信号的时域和频域特征,并结合实例介绍故障诊断方法的应用,可供有关工程技术人员参考.

Fault diagnosis of the maching tool transmission system

The faults of transmission system may affact the processing accuracy of machine tools. Choosing correctly the methods of signal analysis and extracting precisely the vibration characteristics of typical faults is the key to the faults diagnosis of machine tools. In the paper, several common methods of faults diagnosis and typical faults in machine tools are analyzed, including profile error, tooth breaking, symmetrical tooth wear, bending of shaft, axial pulse of shaft, unbalance of shaft, and fatigue pitting of bearing. Their characteristics in time and frequency domain are summarized. Finally a practical example is analyzed.