The Depressive Effects of 5,8,11-Eicosatrienoic Acid (20:3n-9) on Osteoblasts |
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Authors: | Tomohito Hamazaki Nobuo Suzuki Retno Widyowati Tatsuro Miyahara Shigetoshi Kadota Hiroshi Ochiai Kei Hamazaki |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama Toyama, 9300194, Japan;(2) Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Housu-gun, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan;(3) Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan;(4) Department of Human Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan |
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Abstract: | In cases of essential fatty acid deficiency, 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid (Mead acid, 20:3n-9) is synthesized from oleic acid as a 20-carbon analog of arachidonic acid. It was reported that 20:3n-9 levels were markedly higher in human fetal cartilage than in the muscle, liver and spleen. We, therefore, hypothesized that 20:3n-9 decreased osteoblastic activity. Goldfish scales were incubated either with 20:3n-9 or with oleic acid at 15 °C for 6 and 18 h. Both osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in the scale were assessed by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, respectively. MC3T3-E1 cells (an osteoblast cell line derived from the mouse) were incubated with 20:3n-9 or oleic acid at 37 °C for 6 and 18 h. ALP activity in cell lysate was measured. In the case of experiments with scales, 20:3n-9 (1–100 μM) significantly suppressed osteoblastic activity after 6 and 18 h of incubation, whereas oleic acid did not change this activity. Osteoclastic activity was not affected either by 20:3n-9 or by oleic acid. In the case with the cell line, osteoblastic activity was again significantly decreased with 20:3n-9 (10–30 μM) after 6-h incubation but not after 18 h incubation. The presence of 20:3n-9 in fetal cartilage may be important for the prevention of calcification in the cartilage. 20:3n-9 could be applied to some clinical situations where bone formation should be inhibited. |
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Keywords: | Bone Cartilage Co-culture Fatty acids Goldfish scales Osteoclasts |
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