低孔低渗储集层探井低伤害压裂技术研究与应用

水力压裂有助于正确、快速评价低孔低渗储集层的特性。但这类储集层对外来液体非常敏感，如果压裂设计或施工不当容易造成伤害，将影响正确认识储集层。从最大限度地认识与评价低孔低渗储集层的角度，针对探井压裂与开发井压裂的不同，在综合分析塔里木、华北、吉林、青海、玉门及长庆等探区对探井低孔低渗储集层压裂成败的基础上，提出探井低伤害压裂技术体系：与伤害相关的室内实验与分析评价；新型低伤害压裂材料研制；低伤害压裂工艺设计技术；配套的低伤害工艺措施。该技术体系在国内重点探区的现场试验取得了理想效果，2003年对华北油田留西探区深层低丰度油藏探井路45井低孔、特低渗、低电阻率油层进行压裂试油，使该探区近年来获得首次突破。图1参12

Low damage fracturing technology for explo-ration wells in low porosity and permeability reservoirs

The evaluation of the characteristics of the formation may be incorrect because of the formation damage caused by improper fracturing design and treatment. In order to broaden the knowledge and evaluation of low porosity and low permeability formations, low damage fracturing technology is put forward on the base of comprehensive analyses of fracturing experiences in exploration zones as Tarim, Huabei, Jilin, Qinghai, Yumen and Changqing Oilfield, etc. The highlight of the new fracturing technology lies in laboratory test and analytical technique related to damage, development of low damage fracturing materials, low damage technology design method and low damage of corresponding measures. Well Lu-45 in the low porosity, ultra-low permeability and low resistance formation of Liuxi exploration zone, Huabei Oilfield, was hydraulically fractured using the new fracturing technology in year 2003, which brought the first breakthrough in Liuxi exploration zone for the past decades.