柴油机缸盖冷却水腔三维流动数值模拟分析

柴油机优良的冷却性能对提高其工作性能和气缸盖可靠性起着非常重要的作用。以某V型12缸水冷发动机的冷却水腔为研究对象,采用流体分析软件FLUENT对缸盖及其冷却水腔内的流动与传热进行数值模拟计算,得到冷却水在缸盖复杂水腔内的三维流场分布与进出水孔的流量,并详细分析了其流场、压力场、温度场及换热情况, 为该型柴油机气缸盖冷却水腔的结构优化设计提供一定的参考依据,从而提高内燃机的工作性能和气缸盖的可靠性。模拟计算结果表明:冷却水腔的流动均匀性可以达到该发动机的冷却要求;流经各缸的冷却液流量分配合理;“鼻梁区”冷却效果较好,且“流动死区”能满足冷却需求。通过对气缸盖内冷却液流动的优化,可以有效地提高整机及气缸盖的冷却效率。

3D Flow on Cooling Water Chamber of Engine Cylinder Head

Excellent cooling system is important to improve the engine performance and cylinder head reliability. In this paper, it takes cooling water chamber of V-12 cylinder engine for the study. Using FLUENT software as tools, it simulates the water flowing and heat transfer on cooling water chamber in cylinder head and obtains the 3D flow field of cooling water and the flow of water out of the hole. This paper makes the analysis of flow field, pressure field, temperature field and heat exchanger. This would provide some reference to structural optimization of the engine cylinder head cooling water chamber. The results show that the water flow uniformity in the cooling chamber can reach the cooling requirements of the engine; the cooling water flowing through each cylinder allocates reasonable; “nose area” cooling effect is better; and the “flow dead zone” can meet the cooling requirements. Through optimizing the water flowing in cylinder head, the cooling efficiency of the machine and cylinder head can be effectively improved.