适合不同驾驶员群体眼椭圆统计方法

为能使设计师的设计结果保证大多数驾驶员具有良好视野性能,并能准确把握视野设计结果的适应度,美国汽车工程师协会(Society of Automotive Engineers,SAE)经过试验统计得出了眼椭圆。最近的研究表明,SAE眼椭圆需要改进其模型才能适合现代设计过程。此外,由于身高、习惯等因素的差异,不同的驾驶员群体眼睛位置具有不同的分布特点,应建立不同的眼椭圆。新眼椭圆的统计应考虑更多的因素和包括更多的设计变量。通过研究得知,驾驶员眼睛位置分布服从多维正态分布,其边缘分布为一维正态分布,眼椭圆参数可根据眼睛位置边缘分布数字特征计算。同时,驾驶员眼睛位置分布与驾驶员座椅高度、转向盘位置、驾驶员群体身高分布有关,新的眼椭圆统计过程应该考虑这些因素,从而建立更通用的统计学模型。

EYELIPSE STATISTIC METHOD FOR DIFFERENT DRIVER POPULATION

By testing and statistic method, the eyelipse is made by Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). Using it, designers can be certain of the target driver population accommodation of well-designed vision. Recent researches indicate that SAE eyelipse should be updated to fit the modern design process. Since different driver population has its corresponding distribution of eye positions because of the diversity of stature, habit, etc., different eyelipse model should be built. New statistic process of eyelipse should include more factors and design variables. Studies show that eye positions follow a multivariable normal distribution, and each marginal distribution is also normally distributed. The parameters of eyelipse can be calculated from numeric characteristics of marginal distribution of eye positions. Meanwhile, eye position distributions will depend on seat height, steering wheel position, and stature distribution of driver population. These factors should be considered in the new eyelipse model development, in order to establish statistic models with more flexibility.