制造误差影响齿轮副啮合的接触有限元分析方法

制造误差是影响齿轮副啮合的重要因素,研究其作用机理对齿轮的减振设计具有重要意义。首先基于几种典型制造误差的结构形式提出了一般的精确建模方法,以一对渐开线直齿轮为例,利用接触有限元分析方法对啮合过程进行仿真,发现理想齿轮副和含误差齿轮副啮合过程中的角速度、动态接触力特性表现出显著差异。然后进行单项误差影响齿轮振动的机理研究,分别以齿廓误差和齿距误差为对象,利用傅里叶变换量化分析了不同加工公差等级下的单项制造误差对齿轮副动态传递误差、角加速度特性的影响规律。研究表明:所提出的建模方法可以模拟任意形式的微小量级的制造误差,并体现在接触有限元分析中。不但能够用于精细化研究制造误差对齿轮副啮合过程的影响,还可以通过量化各项啮合特性分析单项误差影响齿轮振动的作用机理,并指导齿轮的减振设计和精度设计等。

Analysis of machining errors' effects on gear pair meshing using contact finite element method

Machining errors have significant effect on the gear engagement, it is necessary to learn the mechanism of action for the reduction of vibration. Based on the analysis of several kinds of machining errors, the precise modeling method was first presented，on this basis the engagement process of one spur gear pairs was simulated using contact finite element method as an example. The angular velocity and dynamic meshing force showed significant differences between the ideal gear pairs and the gear pairs with machining errors. Then the influence mechanism of profile error and pitch error on the gear vibration was researched respectively, Quantitative analysis of meshing characteristics including dynamic transmission error and angular acceleration was done using the FFT. The results show that the proposed modeling method can simulate arbitrary form of machining errors even if in small order and reflected in the contact finite element analysis. It is not only effective to investigate how the machining errors influence the meshing process, but also to study the influence mechanism of single machining error, furthermore the conclusions can be used to guide the anti-vibration design and accuracy design.