电化学原位拉曼光谱技术在高温熔盐中的应用

综述了熔盐电化学原位拉曼光谱用样品池结构及特点、熔盐电化学原位拉曼光谱的研究进展。所用样品池主要以配合90°拉曼散射模式研究为主,且样品池通常都通入惰性气体。研究中主要采用恒电流/恒电位电解的电化学方法,研究内容涉及到在氯化物熔盐中电解还原金属铝、汞、镉和钽的阴极行为,(Li-K)CO₃和Li₂CO₃燃料电池中氧的还原,在以金属铝为阳极的高能熔盐电池中I₂在AlCl₃-NaCl熔盐中的电化学过程,钠-硫电池放电过程中S元素在AlCl₃-NaCl熔盐中的行为,Y₂O₃稳定的ZrO₂(YSZ)氧离子导体在Na₂SO₄熔盐中的电化学腐蚀,以及不同电位条件下熔融KNO₃、NaNO₃与铂电极界面的熔盐结构变化。最后,展望了熔盐电化学原位拉曼光谱的研究发展方向。

Applications of electrochemical in situ Raman spectroscopyin molten salts

The construction and characteristics of sample cell used for electrochemical in situ Raman spectra research on molten salts in the previous literatures and the development in that research field were reviewed. The sample cells in the previous researches were mainly used for the right (θ = 90°) scattering mode, and the measurements were usually carried out under inert atmosphere. The constant current or constant potential method was mainly used, and the research involves the cathodic behavior of electrolysis of metal Al, Hg, Cd, and Ta in molten chloride, reduction process of oxygen in molten (Li-K)CO₃ and Li₂CO₃, electrochemical process of I₂ in molten AlCl₃-NaCl of the high energy molten salt battery using metal aluminum as the anode, behavior of element sulfur in molten AlCl₃-NaCl during the discharge process of sodium-sulfur battery, the electrochemical corrosion of oxygen ion conductor of Y₂O₃-stabilized ZrO₂ in molten Na₂SO₄, and the change on structure of melts in the interface between molten KNO₃ and NaNO₃ and platinum electrode_. At last, the development directions of the electrochemical in situ Raman spectroscopy in molten salts are pointed out.