高速列车车下设备模态匹配研究

建立了整备状态车体有限元模型及包含车体弹性的高速列车车辆刚柔耦合动力学模型，分析了车下设备吊挂方式对车体整备状态模态参数的影响，提出车下设备隔振橡胶件参数设计方法，并研究了整备状态下车体与车下设备悬挂模态参数的匹配关系。结果表明，车下设备采用弹性吊挂时，车体整备状态下的模态频率显著提升；合理设置车下设备隔振悬挂参数可有效降低车体弹性振动，算例中，当橡胶件的静挠度设置为8~9 mm时，设备浮沉频率可与车体垂向一阶弯曲频率避开，侧滚频率可与车体菱形变形模态频率避开，有源设备高频振动减振效果理想，车辆可以获得优良的运行平稳性，同时车下设备自身振动亦不剧烈。

Study on modes matching between suspended devices and car body for a high-speed railway vehicle

FE models of fully-equipped car bodies and a high-speed railway vehicle rigid-flexible coupled model including the flexibility of car body are built, the influences of devices suspended forms on modal parameters of fully-equipped car bodies are analyzed, the design procedures of rubber parameters of suspended device are proposed, and the relations between car body eigenmodes and suspended equipment natural frequencies are researched. Results show that, car body eigenmodes can be promoted observably with devices of elastic suspension; reasonable suspension parameters of device may effectively suppress car body flexible vibration, the example in this paper shows that when the static deflection of rubber is set at 8~9 mm, the bounce and roll frequencies of device can be separated from the first vertical bending and the diagonal distortion frequencies of car body, respectively, the devices which have vibration sources can achieve a good effect of vibration reduction at high frequencies, the vehicle can obtain a good ride quality and the device vibration is not fierce.