金属超细晶表面机械处理技术研究进展

金属的组织和结构直接影响了其使用性能,为满足复杂服役环境对材料力学性能和表面性能的特殊需求,近年来金属表面机械处理技术快速发展,并得到了广泛利用.主要综述了表面机械压入式梯度变形、表面碾磨式梯度变形、表面滚压式梯度变形和表面组合式梯度变形工艺等典型金属表面机械处理技术.总结了各种具体工艺方法,及其得到的金属微观结构特点和性能变化,最后展望了金属表面机械处理技术的发展趋势,未来该技术的发展应面向大规模、产业化的生产应用,进一步研究多因素共同作用下的金属晶粒细化机制,实现大尺寸、内部微观结构可控的纳米材料的高效制备.

Research Progress of Metal Surface Mechanical Treatment Technology

This paper introduces the metal surface mechanical treatment technology, including surface mechanical press-in gradient deformation, surface grinding gradient deformation, surface rolling gradient deformation and surface combined gradient deformation processes. Various specific process methods and the metal microstructure characteristics and property changes are summarized, and finally the development trend of metal surface mechanical treatment technology is prospected. The future development of this technology should be oriented toward large-scale, industrial production applications, further research on the mechanism of metal grain refinement under the joint action of multiple factors, and realize the efficient preparation of nanomaterials with large size and controllable internal microstructure.