大鼠阿霉素肾病的病理学观察

目的 建立大鼠肾病综合征模型并观察其临床表现及生理、病理改变。方法 阿霉素组鼠于试验开始d1和d15 分别尾静脉内注射阿霉素5 mg·kg^-1、3mg·kg^-1, 观察12 w k, 用代谢笼收集1、2、3、4、6、8、13 w k 各时期24 h 尿液, 测定不同时期24 h 尿蛋白量, 并于6 w k 及实验结束时分别测定血清总蛋白、白蛋白、肌酐、尿素氮及总胆固醇、甘油三酯含量, 同时取肾作光镜和电镜病理学检查。结果 肾病综合征模型复制成功, 实验开始后第6 w k 阿霉素组肾脏改变类似人类微小病变型肾病;12 w k 时有肾小球硬化改变出现, 可用于进一步研究微小病变型肾病的发展情况和探讨慢性硬化性肾病的模型建立。结论 阿霉素组不同时期的24 h 尿蛋白含量明显升高, 血生化检测表明阿霉素组大鼠血清总蛋白、血蛋白含量降低, 血清肌酐、尿素氮及血脂含量升高, 病理组织学检查表明, 肾脏有明显的病理改变。

Pathological observation of adriamycin nephropathy in rats

Aim To establish the model of adriamycin-induced nephritic syndrome in rats and its pathological change was observed. Methods The model of nephritic syndrome in rats was established by intravenous injection of adriamycin in the dose of 5 mg·kg^-1 and 3 mg·kg^-1 respectively at the first day and 15 th day. The amount of urine protein was measured at the 1、2、3、4、6、8 and 12 th week and the serum biochemical parameters of TG, TCH, BUN, Cr, TP and ALB were detected at the 6 th and 12 th week. Results rameters were increased significantly, except the TP and ALB, which were decreased. Pathological changes at the sixth week was similar to minimal changes in glomerulonephritis and at the 12 th week, sclerosis of glomeruli of kidney could be found. Conclusion After first injection, the changes of kidney were like those in minimal change glomerulonephritis of human being. But after the second injection. The kidney had the changes of focal segmental glomeralosclerosis.