纺丝工艺对并列复合聚酯纤维性能的影响

为对比不同纺丝工艺下牵伸和热处理方式等对并列复合纤维性能的影响,以常规聚酯(PET)和瓶级PET为原料,采用将预取向丝(POY)经过牵伸加捻(DT)制备POY-DT和一步法制备全拉伸丝(FDY)2种工艺纺制并列复合纤维,并对纤维卷曲性能、尺寸稳定性和不同热处理方式下的力学性能差异进行比较。结果表明:FDY的整体卷曲性能较POY-DT优异,且FDY的声速取向因子为0.87,明显优于POY-DT的0.43,二者结晶度均在30%左右;FDY经沸水处理后,即时沸水收缩率为8.3%,明显低于POY-DT的12.9%,但随着时间的延长,FDY收缩仍会继续发生,而POY-DT经沸水处理后,可得到尺寸相对稳定的纤维长丝;不同的热处理方式对纤维力学性能影响不同,POY-DT适合干热处理,FDY适合湿热处理。

Influence of spinning process on property of parallel composite polyester fiber

In order to compare the influences of drawing and heat treatment processes on the properties of parallel composite fibers by different spinning processes, conventional polyester (PET) and bottle-grade PET were used as raw materials. Parallel composite fibers were prepared by two processes, including subjecting pre-oriented yarn (POY) to drawing and twisting (DT) to obtain POY-DT, and preparing full-stretching yarn (FDY) by a one-step process. The fiber crimping property, dimensional stability and the differences in mechanical properties under different heat treatment methods were compared. The results show that the overall crimping performance of FDY is better than that of POY-DT, and the sound velocity orientation factor of FDY is 0.87, obviously better than 0.43 of POY-DT, and the crystallinity is about 30%. The boiling water shrinkage ratio of FDY after boiling water treatment is 8.3%, significantly lower than 12.9% of POY-DT, but the shrinkage of FDY will further occur along with time, while relatively stable-dimension fiber filaments can be obtained from POY-DT after boiling water treatment. The influences of different heat treatment on the mechanical properties of the fiber are different, dry heat treatment is suitable for POY-DT, and wet heat treatment is suitable for FDY.