三代液阻悬置非线性动特性的试验研究及其参数识别方法

目前液阻悬置是性能最佳的被动式隔振器,它是汽车动力总成隔振悬置设计开发的首选方案。以第三代液阻悬置为基础,通过对惯性通道的改造以及不同液力机构的组合,系统地研究了惯性通道、解耦膜、节流盘等液力机构以及惯性通道长度及其入口局部损失对液阻悬置动特性的影响规律,揭示了不同液力机构的工作原理以及三代液阻悬置动特性之间的继承和发展关系,为液阻悬置的设计选型提供了直观的依据,并证明了理论分析的正确性。基于动特性试验结果与理论分析结果高度一致的事实,针对液阻悬置动特性的变化特点,提出了识别上液室体积刚度以及橡胶主簧等效泵液活塞面积的新方法,该方法可以有效克服测试误差的影响,原理简单、结果可靠;可以在常规的动特性试验机上进行试验,无需设计复杂的液压试验台。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF NONLINEAR DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS FOR THREE TYPES OF HYDRAULIC ENGINE MOUNES AND PARAMETERS IDENTIFICATION METHOD

Hydraulic engine mount (HEM) has the best performance among the passive engine mounts and is the first option for design of mounts for vibration isolation of powerplant. Based on the third generation of HEM, which has three types of hydraulic mechanisms such as the inertia track, the decoupler and the disturbing plate, some changes of the inertia track are made or the hydraulic mechanisms are organized again, then the influences of the hydraulic mechanisms, the length of the inertia track and the local loss of fluid flow at the entrance of the inertia track to the dynamic characteristics of HEM are experimentally studied, the working principle of the three types of hydraulic mechanisms and the relationship between the three types of HEMs are revealed clearly. These results will be helpful for the selection of the design scheme of HEM, and the lumped parameters model of HEM and its analytical conclusions are proved to be correct. Based on the fact that the experimental results and the analytical results are matched well and according to the lines' shape of the dynamics stiffness in phase as a function of the excited frequency and amplitudes, a new parameter identification method for the bulk stiffness of the upper chamber and the effective pump area of the main rubber is presented, which is clear in principle and the identified results are reliable because it is not sensitive to the error of measurement. The new method is time and cost saving because the test can be done on a conventional elastomer test system and there is no need to design a new hydraulic measurement setup.