Solar reflective ink-jet printed porcelain stoneware tiles as an alternative for Urban Heat Island mitigation |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Materials Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science & Research Center MANSID, Stefan Cel Mare University, Suceava, Romania;1. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No. 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, PR China;1. Research Center for Structural Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan;2. Laboratory for Materials and Structures Laboratory, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan;3. Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1, Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 94-2188, Japan;1. Bayreuth Engine Research Center (BERC), Department of Functional Materials, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany;2. Institute of Energy Research and Physical Technologies, Clausthal University of Technology, 38640 Goslar, Germany;1. M&I Materials, Hibernia Way, Trafford Park, Stretford, Manchester, M32 0ZD, UK;2. Department of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK |
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| Abstract: | Digital ink-jet printing is a decoration system for ceramic tiles that requires the application of engobes with high whiteness and opacity, characteristics that can be used to design solar reflective ink-jet decorated tiles. These materials can help to mitigate Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon. Here, the fabrication of ink-jet printed solar reflective tiles using an engobe with high solar reflectance was investigated. Two printing modalities (binary (BIN) and grayscale (GS)), five printing intensities, and four colours were tested. It was found that some of the prepared tiles can be used for mitigating the UHI phenomenon. The solar reflective properties were mainly derived from the reflective engobe, and in some grade, from the mineral composition of the inks. The colour and roughness measurements revealed that the GS modality could prepare ink-jet decorated tiles with good solar reflective properties with a smaller quantity of inks and good soiling resistance. |
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| Keywords: | Solar reflectance Ceramic tile Ink-jet decoration Binary printing Grayscale printing |
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