Fabrication of ceramic bioscaffolds from fly ash cenosphere by susceptor-assisted microwave sintering |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China;2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China;3. Industrial Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China;1. Instituto de Tecnología Cerámica (ITC), Universitat Jaume I, 12006 Castellón, Spain;2. Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio (ICV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;1. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2266-98 Anagahora, Shimoshidami, Moriyama, Nagoya, Aichi 463-8560, Japan;2. Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan;1. Institute for Metallurgical Engineering and Technology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, PR China;2. College of Metallurgy and Energy, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Modern Metallurgy Technology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, PR China;3. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China;4. Technology Center, Shougang Jingtang United Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd., Tangshan 063200, PR China;1. CEITEC BUT, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic;2. FunGlass, Alexander Dub?ek University of Tren?ín, ?tudentská 2, 911 50 Tren?ín, Slovak Republic;3. Institute of Physics of Materials, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Zizkova 22, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic;4. Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic;5. Joint Glass Centre of the IIC SAS, TnUAD and FChFT STU, ?tudentská 2, 911 50 Tren?ín, Slovak Republic;1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, 610064 Chengdu, China;2. Key Laboratory of Deep Underground Science and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;3. School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, Wanzhou 404000, China |
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| Abstract: | Cenospheres (CS) are ceramic hollow microspheres and have been used to prepare composite foams for applications such as medical implants. However, its potential standalone application in the biomedical field is not fully explored. Herein, a susceptor-assisted microwave (SMW) sintering approach was used for producing CS foam scaffolds. Owing to the hybrid heating mechanism offered by the SMW process, sintering of the low-dielectric cenospheres was realized. We found that sintering was initiated at a lower temperature (1100 °C) compared to conventional heating (1250 °C) as reported in the literature, probably due to the lower activation energy required by SMW sintering. The physical and compositional properties of the sintered CS specimens were examined, and in vitro studies were performed. The as-fabricated CS foam possessed minimal effect on cell viability. Cells migrated and adhered well within the pores of the specimens, which indicates the potential of the CS as scaffold materials for cell engineering applications. |
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| Keywords: | Microwave susceptor Microwave sintering Fly ash cenospheres Porosity Ceramic bioscaffold |
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