Processing-dependent stabilization of a dissimilar rare-earth boride in high-entropy (Ti0.2Zr0.2Hf0.2Ta0.2Er0.2)B2 with enhanced hardness and grain boundary segregation |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;2. Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;3. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA |
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| Abstract: | This study demonstrates that 20% of a rare-earth (RE) diboride (ErB2) can be stabilized in a high-entropy transition metal (TM) diboride, despite the dissimilar chemical properties of RE and TM elements and large differences in lattice parameters of ErB2 and typical TMB2. However, the phase formation depends on the fabrication route, which is a noteworthy observation. Specifically, single-phase (Ti0.2Zr0.2Hf0.2Ta0.2Er0.2)B2 is synthesized via reactive spark plasma sintering (SPS) using elemental boron and metal elements. In contract, a specimen made by borocarbothermal reduction of binary oxides and SPS possess significant amounts of two Er-rich secondary phases. Notably, the RE addition in high-entropy TM diboride leads to improved hardness. Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (AC STEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) elemental analyses further reveal significant Er segregation at grain boundaries. This work suggests that high-entropy ceramics can have significant solubilities of dissimilar components that may enable new, tunable, and improved properties. |
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| Keywords: | High-entropy ceramics High-entropy borides Rare-earth borides Reactive sintering Borocarbothermal reduction Hardness Grain boundary segregation |
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