Potential fingerprints for the usage of botanic ash in the glaze recipes of the Jizhou tea bowl |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China;2. Key Scientific Research Base of Ancient Ceramics (Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences), State Administration for Cultural Heritage, Shanghai 201899, China;3. Key Laboratory of the Comprehensive Analysis Technology for Ancient Ceramics and its Application (Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Shanghai 201899, China;4. Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Nanchang 330008, China;5. Ji′an Academy of Jizhou Porcelain Kiln Firing Technology, Ji′an 343000, China;6. Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, China;1. Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral (Ministry of Education), Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, PR China;2. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, PR China;3. The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China;4. State Key Laboratory of Advance Refractories, Sinosteel Luoyang Institute of Refractories Research Co., Ltd., Luoyang 471039, Henan, PR China;1. Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK), 52425 Jülich, Germany;2. University of Twente, Faculty of Science and Technology, Inorganic Membranes, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands;3. Chair of Energy Engineering Materials, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany;1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Refractories, Sinosteel Luoyang Institute of Refractories Research Co., Ltd., Luoyang 471039, Henan, China;2. Institute of Research of Iron and Steel, Shasteel, Zhangjiagang 215625, Jiangsu, China;3. Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 5018055, Guangdong, China;4. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway 08854, NJ, United States;1. Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technology and Systems Fraunhofer IKTS, Winterbergstrasse 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany;2. Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Institut für Angewandte Materialien, Elektrochemische Technologien (IAM-ET), Adenauerring 20b, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;3. Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering) & Center for the SMART Energy Platform, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung, Yongin, Gyeonggi 17104, South Korea |
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| Abstract: | A glaze slip made from a mixture of porcelain clay and flux was melted at high temperatures to form an amorphous glaze layer on a ceramic body. All information about the raw materials and recipes of the glaze was lost in this process, leading to difficulties in the reconstruction of the ceramic-making process performed in ancient China. Herein, the refiring experiment was performed and the thermal dilatometer (DIL), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) were utilized to investigate the crystallization behavior in the glazes of an underfired Jizhou tea bowl. The results showed that diopside, fluorapatite, and anorthite crystallized from the heterogeneous glaze slip, induced by the inhomogeneity of the raw materials and the incomplete mixing process, during the firing process in the glazes of the Jizhou tea bowl. All these crystals melted with increasing temperature, indicating the importance of the underfired samples in reconstructing the ancient ceramic-making technique. Diopside and fluorapatite could be potential fingerprints to identify the usage of botanic ash in the glaze recipes. |
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| Keywords: | Crystallization behavior Underfired glaze Jizhou kiln Botanic ash Diopside |
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