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Enhancement of fire safety in epoxy resin composites through incorporation of microencapsulated diatomite |
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| Authors: | Jin Wang Xiaoyue Shen Mengwei Jiang Fang Zhou Yupeng Zhang |
| Affiliation: | 1. Jiangsu Academy of Chemical Inherent Safety, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China;2. Jiangsu Academy of Chemical Inherent Safety, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
Contribution: Data curation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - original draft (supporting);3. Jiangsu Academy of Chemical Inherent Safety, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China Department of HSE, Wuxi Cummins Turbo Technologies Co., Ltd, Wuxi, China Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Data curation (equal), Methodology (lead), Resources (supporting), Writing - original draft (equal);4. Jiangsu Academy of Chemical Inherent Safety, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China Contribution: Data curation (equal), Investigation (lead), Resources (supporting), Software (lead);5. Jiangsu Academy of Chemical Inherent Safety, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China Contribution: Data curation (equal), Methodology (equal), Resources (supporting) |
| Abstract: | Diatomite (DIA) particles are commonly employed as flame-retardant additives for polymers, yet their intrinsic inefficiency requires substantial quantities for optimal efficacy. To address this issue, we proposed a novel approach involving the microencapsulation of DIA with polyethylene glycol phosphate (PEGP) to enhance the flame retardancy of epoxy resin (EP). Characterization of the prepared DIA@PEGP utilized scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The resulting EP composite, DIA@PEGP-4/EP, achieved a limiting oxygen index of 33.2% and achieved a V-0 level in vertical combustion tests. Compared to EP, DIA@PEGP-4/EP demonstrated significantly improved fire performance, with 38.6%, 47.8%, 25.0%, 41.3%, and 60.4% reduction in peak heat release rate, total heat release, peak smoke production rate, total smoke production, and CO yield. Furthermore, the highest FPI value of 0.080 m2·s/kW for DIA@PEGP-1/EP and the lowest FGI value of 8.734 kW/m2·s for DIA@PEGP-4/EP, indicate that the incorporation of DIA@PEGP into EP enhances its fire safety. The flame retardancy mechanism of DIA@PEGP-4 involves the formation of a phosphorus-containing aromatic carbon layer during EP char formation, capturing radicals in the gas phase during combustion. |
| Keywords: | diatomite epoxy resin flame retardant microencapsulation |