小型风力发电机组优化控制策略与实验研究

提出一种小型风力发电机组功率的优化控制策略.根据选定的300 W/24 V永磁发电机,使用Wilson叶片设计计算模型,应用MATLAB语言设计了300 W风机叶片;并针对现有风机控制系统中将控制器的设计与叶片、电机的匹配特性彼此孤立、分离的现象,设计出与风力发电机的电机、叶片相互匹配的控制器.在风洞试验中测试了样机在8、10 、12 、15 m/s等风速一定条件下,功率随系统电压的变化规律,当降低系统电压时,风机输出功率会一直下降,在此过程中并没有出现功率增加的现象,也就充分证明了工作在峰前区域的风力发电机,当风速大于额定风速时,控制系统可以通过减小接入系统的负载电阻值来控制其功率.这对研究小型风力发电系统的可控性、可靠性和耐久性有一定的指导意义和实用价值.

Optimized Control Tactics and Experimental Study of Small-sized Wind Power Generator Units

Presented were tactics for optimizing and controlling the power of a small-sized wind turbine generator unit.In the light of a 300 W/24 V permanent magnetic power generator being chosen and by using Wilson blades,a calculation model was devised,and blades for 300 W wind turbines were designed by using MATLAB language.From the phenomenon that the design of a controller is isolated and separated from the matching characteristics of blades and generators in the existing control systems for wind turbines,designed was a controller to mutually match the generator and blades of the wind turbine generator.During the wind tunnel tests,the variation law of the prototype power output with the system voltage was tested under the condition of a constant wind speed of 8,10,12 and 15 m/s etc.,respectively.When the system voltage decreases,the wind turbine power output will all along decrease.In this process,no phenomenon of power output increase emerges.This is fully verified by the wind turbine generator operating in the pre-peak zone.When the wind speed is greater than the rated one,the control system can control the power output of the wind turbine generator by reducing the resistance value of the load of the connect-in system.The foregoing may offer definite guidance and is of practical value for studying the controllability,reliability and durability of a small-sized wind power generation system.