聚氧乙烯相对分子质量对预氧化聚丙烯腈纤维短纤经纱上浆性能的影响

为开发预氧化聚丙烯腈（POPAN）纤维的纯纺短纤单纱织物，规避POPAN长丝织物及混纺织物的缺陷，采用上浆的方式来解决纯POPAN短纤经纱的织造难题，提高其可织性，通过织造来生产纯POPAN短纤单纱织物。选用聚氧乙烯（PEO）作为浆料，研究PEO相对分子质量对纯POPAN短纤经纱上浆性能的影响，探索浆液黏度、黏附力、浆膜性能、浆纱增强率、减伸率、耐磨性、毛羽降低率及退浆效率随PEO相对分子质量改变而变化的规律。结果表明，在一定范围内提高PEO的相对分子质量，有助于提高其上浆性能，改善纯POPAN短纤经纱的可织性。从PEO的黏度特性、黏附性、退浆性、浆膜及浆纱性能等方面综合考虑，用于纯POPAN短纤经纱上浆的PEO其相对分子质量在1.0 ×10⁵ ～1.5 ×10⁵ 范围内为宜。

Influence of polyethylene oxide molecular weights on sizing performances of pre-oxidized polyacrylonitrile staple warps

In order to develop the single yarn fabrics woven from pure staple warps of pre-oxidized polyacrylonitrile (POPAN) to avoid the defects of POPAN filament and blend fabrics, an operation for sizing pure POPAN staple yarns was proposed to improve their weavability for producing the fabrics. By using polyethylene oxide (PEO) as sizing agents, the effect of molecular weights on the sizing performances of pure POPAN staple warps was investigated. The relationship between PEO molecular weights and its paste viscosity, adhesion-to-fiber, film performances, desizing efficiency, and yarn properties such as the increase in tensile strength, loss in elongation, abrasion resistance, and decrease in hairiness of sized yarns was explored. The results showed that the properties of these sized yarns could be improved by increasing the molecular weights in the range considered. Based on the viscosity, adhesion, desizability, film performances, and properties of sized yarn, the PEO with the molecular weights range of 1.0×10⁵~1.5×10⁵ can be recommended for sizing pure POPAN staple single yarns before weaving process.