云南野生牛角瓜纤维的吸湿与吸水性

为了解云南野生牛角瓜纤维的吸湿与吸水性能，测试了这种纤维的标准回潮率、吸放湿曲线及吸水率，建立了吸、放湿回归方程和吸、放湿速率回归方程，并与棉纤维比较。结果显示：牛角瓜纤维比棉纤维有更好的吸湿性，其标准回潮率为１１.４％。牛角瓜纤维的吸湿滞后性大于棉，其吸、放湿行为可以用指数模型描，放湿速率显著高于棉纤维，吸湿与放湿平衡时间的差异更大。牛角瓜纤维比棉纤维的吸湿量和吸、放湿速率明显高，将使其织物有更好的穿着舒适性。牛角瓜纤维和棉纤维都表现出不易浸润的特性，但牛角瓜纤维的吸水率（１３３.６２％）明显高于棉（７４.９８％），有作为吸水材料的潜在价值。

Moisture absorption of wild Calotropis gigantea fiber in Yunnan

To investigate the moisture absorption property of the seed fibers of the wild Calotropis gigantea (C.gigantea) growing in Yunnan, China, the moisture regain of C.gigantea in standard atmosphere and water absorptive capacity were measured and compared with cotton fiber. The moisture adsorption/desorption curves and the moisture adsorption/desorption rate curves were analyzed. Experiment results articulate that C.gigantea fiber exhibits superior hygroscopicity compared to that of cotton; and under standard atmospheric conditions, the equilibrium moisture regain of C.gigantea is 11.4 %. The hysteresis between the sorption and desorption isotherms of C.gigantea fiber is higher than that of cotton across all relative humidity range. The C.gigantea fiber’s moisture adsorption-desorption behavior can also be described using an exponential model. Its moisture desorption rate and the difference of the moisture absorption and desorption equilibrium time are significantly larger than that of cotton fiber. The hygroscopic capacity and moisture absorption/desorption rate of C.gigantea fibers are higher compared with cotton fibers. Thus, C.gigantea fabric is more wearing comfort than cotton fabric. Both C.gigantea fiber and cotton fiber exhibit poor infiltration property, but the adsorption capacity of C.gigantea fiber, being 133.62 %, is significantly higher compared with cotton (74.98 %). It concludes that fibers extracted from C.gigantea pod can be an ideal source of absorbent materials.