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Metabolomic analyses on microbial primary and secondary oxidative stress responses |
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| Authors: | Yuanyuan Pan Jun-Hu Cheng Da-Wen Sun |
| Affiliation: | 1. School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China Contribution: Investigation, Writing - original draft;2. School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China Contribution: Funding acquisition, Investigation, Resources;3. School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China |
| Abstract: | Food safety is veryimportant in our daily life. In food processing or disinfection, microorganisms are commonly exposed to oxidative stress perturbations. However, microorganisms can adapt and respond to physicochemical interventions, leading to difficulty and complexity for food safety assurance. Therefore, understanding the response mechanisms of microbes and providing an overview of the responses under oxidative stress conditions are beneficial for ensuring food safety for the industry. The current review takes the metabolomics approach to reveal small metabolite signatures and key pathway alterations during oxidative stress at the molecular and technical levels. These alterations are involved in primary oxidative stress responses due to inactivation treatments such as using hypochlorite (HOCl), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), electrolyzed water (EW), irradiation, pulsed light (PL), electron beam (EB), and secondary oxidative stress responses due to exposures to excessive conditions such as heat, pressure, acid, and alkaline. Details on the putative origin of exogenous or endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) are discussed, with particular attention paid to their effects on lipid, amino acid, nucleotide, and carbohydrate metabolism. In addition, mechanisms on counteracting oxidative stresses, stabilization of cell osmolality as well as energy provision for microbes to survive are also discussed. |
| Keywords: | microbial metabolomics oxidative stress response mechanisms |