基于三阶段DEA模型的长三角城市雾霾治理效率研究

严峻的雾霾污染已经成为当下长三角地区生态一体化发展的重大阻碍之一.以长三角27个地级市作为研究对象，构建以劳动力、资金和技术创新为投入指标，空气质量达到及好于二级的天数、PM_2.5质量浓度和AQI作为产出指标的雾霾治理效率评价体系，借助三阶段DEA方法测算2014—2019年长三角27市的雾霾治理效率.结果表明：1)三阶段DEA模型可有效剔除环境因素和随机误差的影响，能真实反映长三角雾霾治理效率水平；2)规模收益的变动受环境和随机因素的影响显著，大多数城市处于规模收益递增阶段；3)2014—2019年长三角城市雾霾治理效率整体水平较高且呈现W型变化趋势，城际差异明显；4)人均GDP和第二产业占比对雾霾治理效率有正向效应，而人口规模与城镇化率则对雾霾治理效率有负向影响.

Haze control efficiency in Yangtze River Delta cities measured by three-stage DEA model

The severe haze pollution has become one of the major obstacles to the ecological integration development of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD).This paper constructs a haze control efficiency evaluation system taking labor, capital and technological innovation as input indicators, and the number of days with air quality at or better than level 2, PM_2.5 concentration and AQI as output indicators, and uses a three-stage DEA to measure the haze control efficiency of 27 cities in the YRD from 2014 to 2019.The results show that the three-stage DEA model can effectively remove the influence of environmental factors and random errors, and can truly reflect the level of haze control efficiency in the YRD.The change of return to scale is significantly influenced by environmental and random factors, and most cities are in the stage of increasing return to scale.The overall haze control efficiency of YRD cities from 2014 to 2019 is high and shows a W-shaped change trend, with significant inter-city differences.The GDP per capita and the share of secondary industry have a positive effect on haze control efficiency, while population size and urbanization rate have a negative effect on haze control efficiency.