基于SOPC技术的车牌识别系统设计

可编程片上系统（SOPC）是Altera公司提出的一种灵活、有效的片上系统解决方案，为构建实时、便携的车牌自动识别系统提供了较好的解决途径。本文以Nios Ⅱ嵌入式软核处理器为核心，通过IP核复用技术，内嵌MicroC／OS-Ⅱ操作系统，实现车牌自动定位与识别的片上系统设计。介绍了系统的基本功能与硬件设计，以及车牌定位分割与字符识别算法的实现。测试结果表明．该系统具有集成度高、可靠性好、车牌识别误差低等特点。     

基于FPGA的智能车牌定位识别系统设计

智能交通体系中,专用计算机视觉系统即牌照识别技术(License Plate Reeognition,LPR)占有极其重要的地位。设计了一种基于FPGA平台的智能车牌定位识别系统,在EP2C35平台上搭建SOPC系统,完成了车牌图像定位、字符提取识别等功能。该设计采用FPGA为核心,大大减小了制板的面积,有效提高了系统定位的速度及准确性;可定制的软核Nios II处理器使得智能车牌识别系统具有了更大的灵活性。     

基于FPGA车牌识别系统的设计与实现

本文对传统的以通用数字信号处理器(DSP)为核心的车牌识别系统进行了改进,介绍了一种新的基于FPGA车牌识别系统。该系统主要通过摄像头采集汽车车牌图像,经过FPGA核心处理器对图像进行处理,识别出车牌号,并通过LCD显示。经过调试运行,该系统实现了车牌识别的功能,可运用于工程实践。     

模块化机器人嵌入式多核主控制器设计

针对模块化机器人控制,提出一种基于FPGA的片上多核主控制器设计方案。利用SOPC技术在单一芯片上设计两个完全不同结构的核心:Nios II软核处理器和协处理器。详细介绍了机器人控制的路径规划流程、Nios Ⅱ软核体系、协处理器的构架及接口以及基于SOPC的片上多核系统实现。实验结果验证了多核主控制器设计的可行性。     

流处理器MASA-I在FPGA上的实现

流处理器与传统微处理器相比具有更高的性能和效率,已广泛应用于图像处理、媒体处理等领域。本文基于Altera EP2S180 FPGA芯片设计并实现了一款32位异构多核流处理器MASA-I,并对其硬件开销及性能进行了评估。结果表明,基于流处理的异构多核系统能够在FPGA上较好地实现,满足了流应用的需求。     

基于双DSP的实时图像处理系统的设计

应用两片TI公司的数字信号处理器TMS320C6416为核心,以可编程逻辑阵列CPLD进行逻辑控制,采用2片现场可编程门阵列FPGA分别作为图像预处理和2片DSP之间的通信,实现了实时的基于灰度变换的图像目标识别处理.重点介绍了系统的硬件组成、灰度变换的工作原理和应用.     

基于NiosⅡ多核驾驶疲劳检测系统设计

采用SOPC技术,对多核驾驶疲劳检测系统进行了研究与设计.为了实现系统设计的单片化,把NiosⅡ软核处理器、摄像头采集控制器IP核、部分图像处理算法模块等系统部件都集成到一块FPGA上.为了提高系统处理速度,系统采用双NiosⅡ软核处理器设计,同时利用NiosⅡ处理器自定制指令与C2H加速编译工具对系统中关键部分进行硬件加速,使系统具有实时性检测功能.     

基于SOPC的指纹识别模块设计

随着EDA技术及微电子技术的飞速发展,现场可编程门阵列（Field Programmable Gate Array,简称FPGA）的性能有了大幅度的提高。以Nios Ⅱ软核处理器为核心的SOPC（Systemon Programmable Chip）系统便是把嵌入式系统应用在FPGA上的典型例子,本文设计的指纹识别模块就是基于FPGA的Nios Ⅱ处理器为核心的SOPC设计。通过IP核技术和灵活的软硬件编程,实现Nios Ⅱ对FPGA外围器件的控制,利用SOPC Builder将Nios Ⅱ处理器、指纹读取接口UART、键盘与LCD显示接口、FLASH接口、SDRAM控制器构建成Nios Ⅱ硬件系统,后者是电源和时钟电路、SDRAM存储器电路、FLASH存储器电路、LCD显示电路、指纹传感器电路、FPGA配置电路这些纯实物硬件设计。     

TMS320C6678多核DSP的核间通信方法

嵌入式应用中采用多处理系统所面临的主要难题是多处理器内核之间的通信。对Key-Stone架构TMS320C6678处理器的多核间通信机制进行研究,利用处理器间中断和核间通信寄存器,设计并实现了多核之间的通信。从系统的角度出发,设计与仿真了两种多核通信拓扑结构,并分析对比了性能。对设计多核DSP处理器的核间通信有一定的指导价值。     

多态并行处理器的数据通信和路由器的设计

随着多核技术的发展,核间通信问题面临新的挑战,核间通信性能决定了整个多核处理器的性能。通过分析多核处理器的数据通信需求,提出了一种适用于多态并行处理器的数据通信结构。该结构采用邻接共享寄存器实现的核间近邻通信和路由器硬件加速结构实现的远程通信两种数据通信方式,远程通信机制的路由器使用输入缓存机制实现,采用经典的确定性路由算法——XY路由算法实现了路由计算,加入多播和容错技术,采用专用的仲裁机制简化了设计复杂度。这些改进降低了处理器的核间通信延迟和功耗,提高了多态并行处理器的性能。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.