壳聚糖基碘抑菌膜的制备与性质研究

以壳聚糖(CTS)和3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(CTA)为原料合成壳聚糖衍生物——季铵盐壳聚糖(HTCC),HTCC与聚乙烯醇(PVA)共混得季铵盐壳聚糖膜(HTCC-PVA),将其浸没于0.02 mol/L碘乙醇溶液中得含碘季铵盐壳聚糖膜(HTCC-PVA-I2)。用IR光谱、SEM和XRD进行表征。碘含量分析表明:膜中HTCC质量分数越高其吸附碘量越大。抑菌性测试表明:HTCC-PVA-I2膜对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌环直径分别为(23±1)mm和(28±1)mm,均为高度敏感。     

壳聚糖基碘抑菌膜的制备与性质

以壳聚糖(CTS)和3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(CTA)为原料合成壳聚糖衍生物——季铵盐壳聚糖(HTCC),HTCC与聚乙烯醇(PVA)共混得季铵盐壳聚糖膜(HTCC-PVA),将其浸没于0.02 mol/L碘乙醇溶液中得含碘季铵盐壳聚糖膜(HTCC-PVA-I2)。用IR光谱、SEM和XRD进行表征。碘含量分析表明:膜中HTCC质量分数越高其吸附碘量越大。抑菌性测试表明:HTCC-PVA-I2膜对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌环直径分别为(23±1)mm和(28±1)mm,均为高度敏感。     

壳聚糖双胍盐酸盐络合碘制备及抑菌性能

以壳聚糖(CTS)和双氰胺为原料, 在一定温度下通过亲核加成合成壳聚糖双胍盐酸盐(CGH)衍生物, CGH与不同浓度的碘乙醇溶液制备改性壳聚糖的碘络合物(CGH-I₂)。用IR光谱、XRD、TG和DTG对衍生物进行表征, 通过碘量法测CGH与碘络合的质量比。碘含量分析表明:碘乙醇溶液浓度为0.02mol/L 时, CGH与碘络合的最大质量比为m(CGH):m(I₂)=1:0.46。抑菌性测试表明:CGH-I₂对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌环直径分别为(18±1)mm和(21±1)mm, 敏感度均为高度敏感。     

壳聚糖及其衍生物与碘的络合物的抑菌性质研究

利用壳聚糖(CTS)、水杨醛改性壳聚糖(S-CTS)和还原水杨醛改性壳聚糖(RS-CTS)与碘以不同质量比制备络合物,通过碘量法测络合物的摩尔比,UV光谱和IR光谱对络合物进行了表征。考察了CTS和RS-CTS与碘络合物的抑菌性质。结果表明,壳聚糖及其衍生物与碘络合物摩尔比(壳聚糖及其衍生物结构单元与碘之比)分别为:n(CTS)∶n(I2)=1∶0.38,n(S-CTS)∶n(I2)=1∶0.85,n(RS-CTS)∶n(I2)=1∶0.73。CTS和RS-CTS与碘的络合物对金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌敏感度为高度敏感。     

含硫改性壳聚糖气凝胶的合成及对Cu2+吸附的研究

以壳聚糖和二硫代二丙酸二甲酯为原料,通过乙酰化改性,成功制备了壳聚糖衍生物。然后以壳聚糖/壳聚糖衍生物为原料,过硫酸钾为引发剂,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,合成了壳聚糖气凝胶/壳聚糖衍生物气凝胶。通过红外光谱（FT-IR）、X射线衍射（XRD）和热重分析（TG）研究了壳聚糖/壳聚糖衍生物的结构性能;同时采用扫描电镜（SEM）对壳聚糖气凝胶/壳聚糖衍生物气凝胶的形貌进行了表征;并且探究了壳聚糖气凝胶/壳聚糖衍生物气凝胶对Cu²⁺的静态吸附实验。FT-IR结果表明壳聚糖衍生物被成功地合成;XRD和TG分析表明相较于壳聚糖,壳聚糖衍生物的结晶度和热稳定性均降低;SEM显示衍生物气凝胶的孔的数量增多。吸附实验结果表明壳聚糖衍生物气凝胶的吸附性能有了较大提高;在25℃,吸附剂添加量50.0mg且Cu²⁺溶液初始质量浓度100mg/L,pH值5时,壳聚糖衍生物气凝胶在60min时达到吸附平衡,最大吸附量为48.26mg/g,比未改性的壳聚糖气凝胶的吸附量提高了63.37%。     

多胺改性壳聚糖在盐酸介质中的缓蚀作用研究

制备了一种由四乙烯五胺(TEPA)多胺改性壳聚糖衍生物(TEPA-Ch),采用动电位极化曲线法研究了TEPA-Ch在1molL-1HCl介质中对碳钢的缓蚀作用。结果表明,TEPA-Ch为混合型缓蚀剂,在酸性介质中自发地吸附在碳钢表面,其吸附方式遵循Langmuir吸附等温式。     

微波辐射下甲醛交联壳聚糖的制备及其吸附性能的研究

报道了微波辐射下甲醛交联改性壳聚糖衍生物的制备及其对铜(Ⅱ)的吸附性能,考察了不同溶剂交联度的影响,并测定了交联壳聚糖和壳聚糖对铜(Ⅱ)的吸附量。结果表明,交联后的壳聚糖对铜(Ⅱ)有较好的吸附,并对微波作用进行了探讨。     

Cu~(2+)印迹壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇膜的制备及其吸附性能研究

基于壳聚糖对金属离子的螯合机理,同时采用离子印迹法和共混法改性壳聚糖膜,制备了Cu~(2+)印迹壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇膜(CS(Cu~(2+))/PVA),并研究了其对Cu~(2+)的吸附性能。利用SEM、 FT-IR对其进行表征,并探讨了各因素对吸附效果的影响,结果表明:当PVA添加量为7.5%, Cu~(~(2+))初始浓度为100 mg·L-1,吸附剂添加量为0.01 g, pH=5.00时, CS(Cu~(2+))/PVA对Cu~(2+)的吸附量最大,为182.1 mg·g-1,是壳聚糖膜(CS)吸附量的1.9倍。吸附在90 min内达到平衡,吸附等温线既符合Langmuir模型,也符合Freundlich模型。吸附动力学符合拟二阶动力学模型。3次循环使用后,吸附量仍可达到102.7 mg·g~(-1)。在有Pb~(2+)存在的混合溶液中,其对Cu~(2+)的吸附量为150.39 mg·g-1,是对Pb~(2+)吸附量(22.14 mg·g-1)的7倍,表现出优异的吸附选择性。     

季铵化壳聚糖/钛酸四丁酯杂化膜的制备及其对罗丹明B的吸附性能

本文采用溶胶-凝胶法制备季铵化壳聚糖(QCS)/钛酸四丁酯(TBT)杂化膜。利用FT-IR,TGA对所制备的杂化膜进行测试表征。并考察其对罗丹明B(RB)的吸附性能。结果表明:最佳吸附条件为:TBT含量为15%,吸附时间为80min,p H值为4,RB的初始浓度为100mg·L-1,温度为50℃。在此条件下,该杂化膜对RB的吸附量为22.13mg·g~(-1)。     

基于辣素衍生物结构阳离子聚电解质的新型抑菌超滤膜的制备及性能表征

辣素是一种环境友好的天然防污剂,具有优良的抑菌性能。研究首先将含有辣素衍生物结构的N-(2-羟基-3-叔丁基-3-甲基苯甲基)丙烯酰胺(MBHBA)和三甲基烯丙基氯化铵(TM)光聚合,合成出具有辣素衍生物结构的阳离子聚电解质P(M-co-T);采用自组装方法将其引入聚丙烯腈(PAN)超滤膜表面进行改性,从而首次制备出新型抑菌荷正电超滤膜。结合接触角、红外光谱、扫描电镜等现代表征手段对膜表面性质进行表征,并考察了该抑菌超滤膜的分离性能和抑菌性能。结果表明,以腐殖酸(HA)溶液为污染物模拟料液,改性膜的截留性能和抑菌性能较原膜均有较大改善。当P(M-co-T)浓度为1000 mg·L-1时,改性膜的截留率和抑菌率分别为95.98%和87.90%;抑菌率随着P(M-co-T)浓度增大而提高,当P(M-co-T)浓度为1500 mg·L-1时,抑菌率高达91.50%。可见,含辣素衍生物结构的新型超滤膜在保证良好分离性能的同时,具有较强的抑菌能力,为高性能膜材料的开发开辟了一条新路径。     

Research on the preparation and antibacterial properties of 2‐N‐thiosemicarbazide‐6‐O‐hydroxypropyl chitosan membranes with iodine

The 2‐N‐thiosemicarbazide‐6‐O‐hydroxypropyl chitosan (ATU‐HPCS) was prepared by chitosan grafted hydroxypropyl and thiosemicarbazide through the method of “amino protection‐graft‐deprotection,” while the ATU‐HPCS gel membranes were obtained from gelatin and polyvinyl pyrrolidone as additives, and the ATU‐HPCS membranes with iodine (ATU‐HPCS‐I₂‐M) were prepared by adding the ethanol solution of iodine in the ATU‐HPCS gel membranes. The ATU‐HPCS‐I₂‐M were characterized to evaluate their potential applications as antibacterial materials. The iodine releasing rule of ATU‐HPCS‐I₂‐M showed a sustained‐release effect of iodine, the maximum emission was approximately 0.80%. The inhibition zone diameters of ATU‐HPCS‐I₂‐M against Staphylococcus aureus (as Gram‐positive bacteria) and Escherichia coli (as Gram‐negative bacteria) were both greater than 15 mm, it demonstrated significant antibacterial activity compared with the ATU‐HPCS gel membranes. The double effects of the biocompatibility of chitosan and the sustained‐release of iodine provided an ideal healing environment for wound surface. These properties have made ATU‐HPCS‐I₂‐M highly potential as a novel natural macromolecule antimicrobial material preventing the bacteria from burns, surgery wounds, etc. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40535.     

Adsorption of lanthanum by magnetic alginate‐chitosan gel beads

BACKGROUND: The risk of environmental pollution is aggravated by the increasing application of considerable amounts of rare earth elements in advanced materials. This paper reports the preparation of novel magnetic alginate–chitosan gel beads and their application for adsorption of lanthanum ions from aqueous solution. RESULTS: Stable magnetic alginate–chitosan gel beads with average diameter 0.85 ± 0.05 mm were prepared by loading iron oxide nanoparticles onto a combined alginate and chitosan absorbent. The performance of the prepared beads for the adsorption of lanthanum ions from aqueous solution was tested. It was found that various parameters, such as aqueous pH, contact time, metal ion concentration, ion strength and temperature, have an effect on the adsorption. Adsorption equilibrium was reached in 10 h and the maximum uptake capacity was 97.1 mg g^?1. From the analysis of pH, FTIR and XPS data, it is proposed that lanthanum adsorption proceeds through mechanisms of cation exchange, electrostatic interaction and surface complexation, with the oxygen atoms the main binding sites. In addition, lanthanum ions could be selectively separated from coexisting base metal ions such as Pb (II), Cd (II), Co (II), Ni (II) and Cu (II) in the aqueous solution. CONCLUSION: The prepared magnetic alginate–chitosan gel beads exhibit high uptake capacity and selectivity for lanthanum sorption, and thus can be used for adsorptive recovery of lanthanum from aqueous solutions. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

Research on the preparation and characterization of chitosan grafted polyvinylpyrrolidone gel membrane with iodine

The chitosan grafted polyvinylpyrrolidone gel membrane with iodine (CS‐PVP‐I₂‐G‐M) was prepared by chitosan–polyvinylpyrrolidone–iodine complex liquid (CS‐PVP‐I₂‐L) mixed with gelatin. The intermediate product CS‐PVP‐I₂‐L was prepared by CS grafted PVP in the protection of N₂ with dimethyl 2,2′‐azobis (2‐methylpropionate) (AIBME) as initiator, then a certain amounts of iodine in ethanol solution was added. The properties of CS‐PVP‐I₂‐G‐M were characterized by IR, UV–Vis, SEM, XRD, DSC, and so forth. The iodine release results coherent with the release kinetic model—Fick diffusion laws, has a burst effect first, and then spread, and the emission of iodine was maintained within a certain range and kept at a stable level permanently, showed a sustained‐release effect of iodine. The inhibition zone diameters of CS‐PVP‐I₂‐G‐M against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were both greater than 16 mm, it demonstrated significant antibacterial activity. Double effects sustained‐release effect of iodine and the significant antibacterial activity made CS‐PVP‐I₂‐G‐M highly potential for applications as a novel natural biomedical sterilization materials. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41797.     

羧甲基壳聚糖-聚乙烯醇渗透汽化膜分离乙醇-水的性能

本文制备了羧甲基壳聚糖-聚乙烯醇渗透汽化膜,研究了羧甲基壳聚糖和聚乙烯醇配比、戊二醛交联时间以及操作温度和乙醇浓度等因素对膜分离乙醇-水性能的影响。实验结果表明,当乙醇含量较低（10（wt）%）时,该膜优先透醇,羧甲基壳聚糖与聚乙烯醇的比例1∶1时,膜的分离因子达到最大16.45（wt）%的乙醇溶液）;随着戊二醛交联时间的增加,膜的渗透通量减小而分离因子增大;操作温度升高,膜的渗透通量增大,而分离因子降低。     

Chitosan hydrogel loaded with Aloe vera gel and tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as the wound healing material: in vitro and in vivo study

The main aim of the current study was to develop a chitosan hydrogel containing Aloe vera gel and Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as the wound healing materials. Chitosan with the concentration of (2% w/v) was prepared in AA (0.5%, v/v) and Tetrasodium EDTA (0.01% w/w) and AV (0.5% v/v) were added to the prepared polymer solution. As prepared solution was cross-linked by β-GP with the weight ratio of 1/6 w/w (1 chitosan and 6 β-GP). The characterization of the hydrogels showed that the hydrogels have porous structures and interconnected pores with the pores size range from 41.5 ± 14 to 48.3 ± 11 μm. The swelling and weight loss measurements of the hydrogels showed that the hydrogels could swell up to 240% of their initial weight during 8 h and loss 79.7 ± 3.5% of the initial weight during 14 days. The antibacterial studies depicted that the prepared Cs/tEDTA/AV hydrogel inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (the minimum inhibition concentration, MIC of 73 ± 4.8) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (the MIC of 40 ± 7.9). Moreover, the prepared hydrogels were hemocompatible (Cs/tEDTA/AV: OD of 0.24 ± 0.30) and biocompatible (Cs/tEDTA/AV: OD of 0.38 ± 0.01). At the final stage, the wound healing assessments in the animal model revealed that the application of the prepared hydrogels effectively enhanced the wound healing process. In conclusion, the results confirmed the efficacy of the prepared hydrogels as the wound healing materials.     

Preparation and characterization of chitosan/Cu(II) affinity membrane for urea adsorption

We used silica particles as a porogen to prepare macroporous chitosan membranes and subsequently prepared macroporous chitosan/Cu(II) affinity membranes for urea adsorption. The morphology, porosity, Cu(II) adsorption capacity, and swelling ratio of the macroporous membrane were measured. SEM photographs show the pores in the membrane dispersed uniformly, a feature that didn't change much after the adsorption of Cu(II). The porosity of the membrane had a maximum value when the silica/chitosan ratio was about 12. The Cu(II) adsorption capacity in the membrane leveled off when the initial concentration of CuSO₄ solution exceeded 5 × 10^?2 mol/L. The macroporous chitosan/Cu(II) affinity membrane was successfully used for urea adsorption. The maximum urea adsorption capacity was 78.8 mg/g membrane, which indicates that the membrane has a great potential for hemodialysis for urea removal. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 1108–1112, 2003     

Functional monomers and polymers, 74. Physico-chemical study on the chitosan-iodine complexes

The adsorption of iodine on chitosan was studied by physico-chemical methods. The scanning electron micrograph measurements of chitosan-iodine adducts showed that iodine molecules were adsorbed uniformly on the chitosan film when the film was treated with aqueous iodine-potassium iodide solution. The thermogravimetric analysis of the adducts revealed that the loss in weight began at about 190°C, and that iodine molecules were thus well-complexed with chitosan. It was also found that the IR spectra of the chitosan films showed the amide I and amide II bands shifted to lower frequencies due to the iodine adsorption. The X-ray diffractometry of these adducts was further carried out, and it was found that the iodine adsorbed chitosan showed no crystalline pattern, different from that of the original chitosan which showed crystallinity in some extent. The chitosan recovered after desorbing iodine by immersion in aqueous sodium thiosulfate solution was amorphous.     

硅胶改性壳聚糖膜的制备及其对Cu2+的吸附性能

重金属是水体中十分严重的生态环境污染之一,而壳聚糖具有较强的重金属吸附能力。采用硅胶粒子浸出法制备出大孔壳聚糖膜,并且研究了其对重金属Cu²⁺的吸附性能。发现3.0 g壳聚糖溶于10%（质量分数）的乙酸溶液中,加入3.0 g硅胶再经过戊二醛交联后制备出大孔壳聚糖膜的吸附能力较好。在40 mL、400 mg/L的CuSO₄溶液中,加入0.4 g制备好的壳聚糖膜,经过25 h后,壳聚糖膜呈蓝色,用紫脲酸铵指示反应为紫色,吸附率为93%。说明壳聚糖膜对Cu²⁺具有良好的吸附能力,吸附过后膜很容易从溶液中取出,克服了传统的吸附剂在溶液中固液分离困难的问题。     

聚电解质静电沉积改性制备高性能反渗透膜

利用次氯酸钠溶液对商品反渗透膜表面进行氯化处理,然后将聚阳离子电解质壳聚糖通过静电吸附作用沉积在RO膜的表面,系统地研究了氯化过程的pH、氯化时间、次氯酸钠浓度、壳聚糖浓度及其沉积时间对膜性能的影响,以制备出高通量、高截留率的RO膜。在压力1.55 MPa、原料液温度（298±1）K的条件下,测定RO膜处理2000 μg·g^-1氯化钠溶液的水通量和截留率。结果表明,当pH=9、氯化时间为30 min、次氯酸钠浓度为1000 mg·L^-1时,水通量较原膜提高了约19.89%,截留率略有提高;当壳聚糖浓度为0.1%（质量分数）、沉积时间为30 min时,改性膜的接触角降低到34.88°,亲水性提高,水通量较氯化后的RO膜几乎保持不变,为60.55 L·m^-2·h^-1,截留率达到了99.56%。经过氯化和沉积改性后的RO膜水通量和截留率均得到了提高。