制造用高功率激光器光束质量的评价与测量

建立了制造用高功率激光器光束质量的评价体系与测量方法,研究了该体系所采用的评价参数、测量原理、测量方法、测量仪器以及测量结果的计算和分析方法.首先,对目前存在的评价激光光束质量的参数进行了比较和判断.接着,以光束传输比(M2)和光束参数积(Kf)为重点,阐述了光束质量评价参数与光束束宽定义之间的关系,提出了工业应用背景...     

半导体激光器列阵的smile效应与封装技术

为了减小半导体激光器列阵在封装过程中引入热应力而产生的smile效应,提高半导体激光器列阵光束质量,利用对半导体激光器列阵发光点成像放大的方法,准确测量了半导体激光器列阵的smile效应,测量误差为±0.1μm。由于smile效应的准确测量能客观地比较减小smile效应的各种技术与方法,本文根据分析测量结果,提出了通过优化封装半导体激光器列阵焊接回流曲线的方法,使smile效应值控制在±0.5μm内。该方法减小了半导体激光器列阵的smile效应值,提高了激光器列阵光束质量,为下一步研制小芯径、高光束质量半导体激光器列阵光纤耦合模块提供了基础条件。     

A piezoelectric resonator for optical power measurement with radiation beam quality retaining

A method for measuring the power of laser radiation in a wide range of wavelengths is introduced. The method is based on weak heating of an optically transparent piezoelectric resonator through which laser radiation is transmitted. After passing through such a resonator, the beam quality of laser radiation remains unchanged and the optical power can be utilized in laser technologies.     

半导体激光阵列光束整形技术研究进展

光束整形作为提高半导体激光阵列光束质量的有效手段,近年来得到了人们越来越多的关注。综述了几种典型的半导体激光阵列整形技术,详细介绍了近年来半导体激光光束整形的最新进展,分析了各种整形方法的技术特点,总结了半导体激光阵列整形技术的发展趋势。     

一种用于曲面快速测量的激光片光源的研究

与快速成形技术有关的自由曲面快速反求工程中,测绘曲面所用的被称为光刀或片光的细长光条的质量是至关重要的。介绍一种应用柱面反射镜单向扩展光束形成激光片光的方法,并根据常用Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光为高斯光束的特性,应用长焦距透镜压缩其发散角,使激光片光具有很大焦深。激光光强的高斯分布使光刀宽度的中心具有极大值,使得片光的质量具有优良的特性,非常容易实现,并有利于摄像机采集。介绍了这种片光源的工作原理、片光的性能     

Operation of a frequency-narrowed high-beam quality broad-area laser by a passively stabilized external cavity technique

The average spectral bandwidth of a 2 W broad-area diode laser was narrowed to 5 GHz with wavelength tunability of up to 12 nm at a center wavelength of 790 nm with the use of a Littman-Metcalf external cavity in a displaced configuration. The use of lens and combined lens-laser transformation systems allowed precise alignment of the beam shaping optics, which led to significant improvements of the beam quality and an enhanced suppression of the free-running laser modes. We characterize the spatial beam quality of our external cavity diode laser by measuring the M2 quality factor and relate this to our measured bandwidths. Our external cavity can be configured over a range of cavity lengths and is modular in design, enabling access to a broad frequency spectrum for a wide range of applications that require high-power, narrow bandwidth operation.     

半导体激光阵列合束技术的研究

综述了几种典型的半导体激光阵列合束方法,介绍了近年来半导体激光光束合成的最新进展,分析了各种合成方法的技术特点,总结了半导体激光阵列合束技术的发展趋势.研究发现光谱合束技术的输出光束光强分布不随阵列单元数而变化,且在远场和近场均能保持较好的叠加,大大提高了远场光束的亮度,有望成为未来半导体激光光束合成的重要发展方向.     

High-power CO(2) laser-beam monitor

A diagnostic system for measuring the beam power and quality of a high-power cw CO(2) electro-aerodynamic laser is described. A ZnSe beamsplitter was employed to split off a small fraction (0.5%) of the main laser beam for diagnostic purposes. The low-power beam was split again to provide two beams for power and energy-distribution measurements, concurrent with sample irradiation by the main beam. An electrically calibrated disk calorimeter was used to measure beam power. The temporal and spatial energy distributions were measured by means of a mechanically scanned, one-dimensional pyroelectric array. This provided a 16x16 element two-dimensional map of the beam profile at a rate of up to 10 Hz.     

分体式激光扩束系统平行度测量装置的设计

为精确测量强激光发射系统中高功率激光经分体式扩束系统后光束的传输方向,设计了一种新型分体式扩束系统输出光平行度测量装置.根据高功率激光分体式扩束系统及红外激光的特点,该装置采用高分辨率红外CCD作为监测成像设备.采用轻质高刚度的优质铝合金对装置的机械结构进行了设计,切换部件搭载在高精度线性位移平台上.基于高分辨率CCD和精密线性位移平台,该装置可较好地完成动态和静态测量.测试结果表明,该平行度测量装置工作稳定、可靠,测量精度优于2.0″;装置设计合理,实用,可为扩束系统的装调及应用提供可靠依据.     

Modeling and verification of a five-axis laser scanning system

Today several new kinds of laser beam sensors appear with high resolution and accuracy and find their applications in reverse engineering and quality control. Due to the incapability of changing their orientations continuously in response to the surface fluctuation of a part to be measured, they are not competent for measuring parts with complicated structures. In this paper a five-axis laser scanning system integrated with a CMM, a laser beam sensor and a PH10 rotary head is proposed, which can measure complicated parts by frequently indexing the laser sensor approximately consistent with the normal direction of the surface. As the laser value is a 1-D data and the measured data must be given in 3-D expression in the world coordinate system, a system model for coordinate transformation is established. An “equivalent probe” approach is presented for system verification, and an iterative verifying process is adopted to eliminate the verification error caused by the inclination error of the laser sensor. Experiment study shows that the system can measure a part from any direction with an accuracy of 30 μm.     

Development and evaluation of prototype system for harbor container delivery & cargo work automation

In this article, we have attempted to analyze current situation and the problem of domestic and overseas harbor container delivery & cargo work automation centered around major harbors and to suggest effective way to deal with the issue in order to improve the productivity of container cargo work per crane, the major index of productivity of high value-added shipbuilding industry. In particular, we have suggested the way to realize effective automation system that can improve the efficiency of harbor container delivery & cargo work through the development of high-tech measuring automation technology using microwave radar and applied design that have broken away from traditional automation system and traditional problems such as dependence on manual work and the problem of laser method in which workers cannot identify laser beam under sunlight and workers’ eyesight can be weakened by being exposed to laser beam.     

基于PSD的小型激光测头的设计

利用位置敏感探测器(PSD)频率响应高、接口电路简单、数据采集快等特点,设计了一种小型、动态激光三维测头。该测头采用激光三角法原理,利用凹凸双透镜光学系统进行激光缩束以提高测量精度,利用平面反射镜增加光程以减小体积,并对各具体参数和整体结构进行了详细的设计。该测头系统拥有体积小,精度高,反映快的优点。     

一种测量光驱振幅的简单方法

提出一种可测量振动频率 1.5kHz光驱振幅及光盘裂纹的简单实用方法。该方法通过激光束在光盘与平面镜之间的多次反射 ,将光盘振动引起的光偏移量放大 ,从而简化了光盘振幅的测量。介绍了该方法的基本测量原理、光刀形成方法及信号采集、处理电路的设计 ,并给出了测试实例     

Continuous scanning laser Doppler vibrometry and speckle noise occurrence

Continous scanning laser Doppler vibrometry (CSLDV) is a type of “spatial field” non-contact technique for measuring structural vibrations by employing a laser Doppler vibrometer whose laser beam is moving continuously on the structure surface. When an LDV is scanned continuously along an arbitrarily line, the LDV output is an amplitude-modulated sine wave according to the structure operational deflection shape. Smooth mode shapes, which can be defined by polynomial functions across the scanned area, may be recovered as a set of polynomial coefficients derived from the LDV output analysed in the frequency domain, which spectrum comprises sidebands centred on the excitation frequency and spaced at multiples of the scan frequency(ies).This paper concentrates its attention to the influence of the speckle noise on the measured data quality, the speckle being an unavoidable phenomenon occurring when a coherent light beam is scattered back from an optically rough surface.     

利用激光技术测量直升机旋翼共锥度的系统

旋翼共锥度测量是直升机生产、维护中的重要的检查项目,目前对旋翼共锥度的测量有CCD技术方法和激光技术方法,激光技术测量方法简单、快速且精度高.本文讨论了利用激光技术对直升机旋翼共锥度进行非接触测量的原理与方法,介绍了一种应用系统,该系统由激光器、硅光探测器、信号放大处理器、定时器、计算机和数据输出接口组成,具体给出了测量系统的组成结构和计算方法,并进行了精度分析,分析结果表明测量精度可保证在1 mm内.     

激光制导测量机器人运动系统设计

激光跟踪测量系统是目前最新型的便携式空间大尺寸坐标测量系统,但在测量大型被测对象时,人工布点及测量过程繁杂,测量效率低,并造成被测对象几何形状变形,严重影响其测量精度。为解决以上问题,提出了新型的“光束运动—光靶跟踪”激光跟踪测量方法,建立了新型激光跟踪测量方法论,并在此理论基础上,研制开发了一种能够在水平和垂直被测对象表面上运动小型轮臂复合式激光制导测量机器人。该机器人机构融合轮式机构、爬行臂式结构和真空吸附式机构优点,并且具有重量轻、体积小、运动灵活和反应快速等特点,可以根据不同的被测对象表面特征变换测量模式,利用轮式结构实现机器人在水平被测表面上高速远距离运动,利用爬行臂式和真空吸附式机构实现机器人在倾斜光滑表面上灵活地爬行和转向。对其运动特性进行了详细的分析。最后利用激光跟踪仪和三坐标测量机对研制激光制导测量机器人进行了性能测试,试验结果证明了该机器人能跟踪激光束自动高效地完成被测对象实体测量。     

两路固体激光相干合成的实验研究

相干合成技术是获得高功率、高亮度激光输出的有效途径之一。现提出了基于角锥棱镜的两路固体激光相干合成方案;在理论分析的基础上,开展了两路固体激光器相干合成的实验研究;得到了不同占空比和出射光束直径条件下的远场光强分布。远场光强分布和条纹可见度主要受到占空比和出射光束直径的影响。随着激光光束间距的减小,相干合成后的光斑数量减少,光斑的宽度增大,相干度明显提高;出射光束直径增大时,高阶模增多,光束质量变差但合成功率增大。     

刀口技术在激光冷却中的应用

研究了原子束的传输特性、激光冷却的效果及应用刀口技术实现μK量级冷却温度的测量,得出如下结论:原子从原子炉的出射口发射出以后,不论是否经过激光冷却,原子运动的距离越长,分布的均匀性越差。激光冷却可使原子炉出射原子的横向速度降低几个数量级,使原子束经传输后的横向分布均匀度大大提高。刀口技术可用来测量激光冷却后的温度,测量精度主要由测量荧光的CCD的像元尺寸决定。这些结论对深入开展激光冷却实验具有重要的意义。     

直线度自动检查仪的研制

研制了采用准直激光束作为测量基准轴线、线阵CCD光电器件作为位置传感器、由单片机进行数据采集、处理与测量结果显示的直线度自动检查仪。介绍了系统结构原理以及空间直线度误差的最小二乘评定法数学模型。     

Calibration of laser beam direction for optical coordinate measuring system

For the purpose of measuring free form surfaces of some key parts in the aviation field accurately and effectively, such as blades, a non-contact optical coordinate measuring system is set up in the paper. A laser displacement sensor is mounted on the Z axis of a CMM via a turntable and adjusted to the suitable orientation according to the shape of the target surface. The combination of optical sensor and CMM can reach the full potential of them both. To enable the laser sensor to perform measurement in every direction, a calibration method used to determine the laser beam direction based on a standard sphere is proposed, the principle of which is analyzed in detail in the paper. In the calibration procedure, the sensor moves at an equal step along X, Y and Z axes respectively and then equation sets are established to calculate the unit direction vector of the line which the laser beam is on. In the process of solving the unknown quantities, a new parameter substitution method is applied. Finally, a gauging block and a sphere with known size are used to verify the method. As the experimental results show, the measuring errors in several directions are all smaller than 0.05 mm, which manifests that the calibration method proposed can meet the requirements of reverse engineering.