La0.7-xDyxSr0.3MnO3体系的输运行为研究

研究了La位Dy掺杂对La0.7～xDyxSr0.3MnO3(x=0．00、0．10、0．15、0．20、0．30、0．40、0．50、0．60、0．70)体系输运行为的影响．实验结果表明：随Dy掺杂的增加，体系由长程铁磁有序向自旋团簇玻璃态、反铁磁状态转变．高掺杂时的输运性质在其磁背景下发生异常，在x=0．50时，发现了在ABO3结构中很少出现过的在Tc附近发生绝缘体-金属相变之后又发生从金属一绝缘体相变的现象；对x=0．60，0．70，在远离Tc的温区体系表现为绝缘体．     

La0.67-xNdxSr0.33MnO3体系的磁性和电性

通过M-T曲线,ESR曲线,红外光谱,拉曼光谱,P-T曲线和MR-T曲线的测量,研究了La0.67-xNdxSr0.33MnO3(x=0.10,0.20,0.30,0.40,0.50)样品的磁电性质.实验结果表明:随着Nd掺杂的增加,样品的磁结构从长程铁磁有序向自旋团簇玻璃态、反铁磁态转变;当x=0.30、0.40时发生相分离,且x=0.40样品的ZFC曲线随温度升高在160K左右突然跌落,出现少见的"肩膀";样品的电行为随着Nd掺杂的增加发生变化.样品的磁电行为和CMR效应来源于Nd掺杂引起的次晶格不同耦合和与自旋相关的界面隧穿效应.     

B位的Fe掺杂对LaMnO3电磁特性的影响

通过测量样品的M-T曲线、ESR曲线、ρ-T曲线和MR-T曲线,研究了Fe掺杂(x=0.05,0.10,0.20,0.30,0.40)对LaMnO3磁电性质的影响.实验结果表明:随掺杂浓度的增加,体系的TC单调下降,所有掺杂样品均有铁磁-顺磁(FM-PM)相变,但均无金属-绝缘体(IM)转变.这些结果归因于Fe掺杂引起Fe3 与Mn3 之间的双交换作用和J-T畸变.     

Cr替代Mn对La0.4Ca0.6MnO3磁性质的影响

用固相反应法制备了La0.4Ca0.6Mn1-xCrxO3(x=0.00,0.02,0.04,0.06,0.08,0.10,0.15)多晶样品,通过X射线衍射(XRD)图谱、磁化强度-温度(M-T)曲线、电子自旋共振(ESR)谱线,研究了Cr替代Mn对La0.4Ca0.6MnO3磁性质的影响.实验结果表明:La0.4Ca0.6MnO3存在复杂的磁结构,在258 K出现电荷有序相,从175 K到50 K,产生强关联CO-AFM(电荷有序?反铁磁)相,温度降到41 K左右出现自旋玻璃态;当替代量x≥0.06时,电荷有序相被融化;当x≥0.10时,自旋玻璃态被融化.对实验结果进行了初步解释:电荷有序相被融化主要原因是Cr3+与Mn4+具有相同的电子结构,Cr3+替代Mn3+破坏了CE型反铁磁的自旋序,从而引起电荷序的坍塌,实验证明了电荷序CE型反铁磁体系中,电荷序和自旋序之间存在强耦合相互作用;自旋玻璃态的融化,是由于Cr替代Mn破坏了自旋玻璃态的生成条件,即反铁磁背景下有少量铁磁成分.     

(La0.6Dy0.1)Sr0.3MnO3的磁热效应研究

对庞磁电阻材料(La0.6Dy0．1)Sr0.3MnO3的磁热效应进行了研究．通过不同温度下的等温磁化(M-H)曲线的测量和计算，发现伴随铁磁-顺磁(PM—FM)相变出现大的磁热效应，额外的磁性交换作用将导致额外的磁熵变化．结果表明，(La0.6Dy0．1)Sr0.3MnO3可以作为室温下使用的磁制冷工质候选材料．     

Fe掺杂多晶样品DyMn1-xFexO3的磁热效应和电性

采用传统的固相反应法制备DyMn_(1-x)Fe_xO_3多晶样品,通过测量了样品的磁化强度与温度的变化关系曲线(M-T)、磁化强度与温度的变化关系曲线(M-H)和电阻率与温度的变化曲线(ρ-T),对各组分下样品的磁性和电性进行了研究。研究结果表明,在低温区x=0和x=0.025样品表现为反铁磁态,而x=0.075样品在低温区ZFC曲线与FC曲线出现分叉,表现为铁磁反铁磁共存。分别在57,137和157 K以下观察到类Griffiths相,T_G温度以上样品都表现为顺磁特性。在外加磁场为7 T时磁熵变达到最大值,最大值分别为10,12,9 J/(kg·K)。最大制冷能力为320 J/kg(x=0.025)。综合磁熵变最大值及制冷能力数值来看,该材料可以作为磁制冷候选材料。通过对ρ-T曲线及ρ-T曲线的拟合曲线研究发现,系列样品均为半导体且加磁场后的电阻率高于零场下的电阻率,说明在低温处磁场有不利于电传导。系列样品在高温部分的导电方式均遵循小极化子的导电方式。     

纳米晶复合Nd10Fe76B10Nb4-xZrx（x=0～4）永磁合金的磁性能研究

采用熔体快淬法制备了成分为Nd10Fe76B10Nb4-xZrx(x=0～4)的合金条带,退火处理后得到了纳米晶复合永磁合金。利用振动样品磁强计(VSM)分析了该合金体系的退磁曲线、磁交互作用曲线(δM-H曲线)、磁化率χ随外加磁场变化曲线,研究了其磁性能及软、硬磁性相间的交换耦合作用的变化。结果表明,添加适量的Zr元素可细化晶粒,从而有效地增强合金中软、硬磁性相间的交换耦合作用,进而提高合金的综合磁性能。当Zr含量为2%(原子分数)时,制得的合金具有最佳的综合磁性能:jHc=1059.16kA/m,Br=1.08T,(BH)max=185.72kJ/m3。     

非化学计量比对(K0.465Na0.465Li0.07)(Nb0.95Sb0.05)O3无铅压电陶瓷结构及性能的影响

通过传统固相合成工艺制备了(K0.465+xNa0.465+yLi0.07)(Nb0.95-zSb0.05)O3(x,y,z=-0.01～0.02)无铅压电陶瓷,研究了非化学计量比对陶瓷结构及压电性能的影响。结果表明符合化学计量比的陶瓷具有四方钙钛矿结构;在实验范围内,K和Nb的过量或少量均不会改变体系的相结构,而Na过量将会导致体系正交-四方相变温度升高到室温以上,并且正交-四方相变温度随y的增加而升高;过量添加约0.5%(摩尔分数)的K或Na便能补偿在高温烧结时的碱金属元素的挥发损失,进而提高陶瓷的压电性能;该体系陶瓷的组分在较大范围内变化时(如当y=z=0时,x=0～0.02;当x=z=0时,y=0～0.01;以及当x=y=0时,z=-0.01～0.005),仍然能保持d33>200pC/N和kP>40%这样较好的性能。上述结果不仅有利于在研究中材料制备工艺的重复,而且有利于当材料在器件应用时所面临的规模化生产。     

Ba2Fe1+xMo1-xO6双钙钛矿的制备与磁卡效应

采用湿化学法制备了一系列Ba2Fe1+xMo1-xO6双钙钛矿材料,研究了Fe/Mo原子比对其磁性能尤其是磁卡效应的影响.实验结果表明,随着x增加,样品的磁化强度由x=0时的37.3A·m2/kg(3.49μB/f.u.)下降到x=0.3时30.4A·m2/kg(2.78μB/f.u.);当x=0时,样品的最大磁熵变值为1.54J/kg·K.随着x增加,样品的最大磁熵变值逐渐下降,磁熵变随温度变化曲线的峰形变宽.     

缺氧La1-xNaxMnO2．825体系磁电性质

利用提高固相反应法烧结温度的方法制备了La1-xNaxMnO2.825(x=0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)缺氧体系,测量了样品的XRD谱、红外光谱、拉曼光谱、M-T曲线、ESR谱线、ρ-T曲线.实验结果表明:与La1-xNaxMnO3体系相比,缺氧体系的磁化强度变小,居里温度Tc下降,出现了多相共存现象,原因是缺氧造成的Mn3 /Mn4 的比例变化,以及样品中氧含量的不均匀性;缺氧体系的电阻率升高,大部分样品表现为绝缘态,原因是氧空位引起的晶格作用、自旋作用与Mn3 /Mn4 的双交换作用的共同竞争.     

Varistor properties of ZnO-Pr6O11-CoO-Cr2O3-Y2O3-In2O3 ceramics

The varistor properties of the ZnO-Pr₆O₁₁-CoO-Cr₂O₃-Y₂O₃-In₂O₃ ceramics were investigated for different concentrations of In₂O₃. The increase of In₂O₃ concentration slightly increased the sintered density (5.60-5.63 g/cm³) and slightly decreased the average grain size (3.4-2.9 μm). The breakdown field increased from 6023 to 14822 V/cm with increasing concentration of In₂O₃. The nonlinear coefficient increased from 17.6 to 44.6 for up to 0.005 mol%, whereas the further doping caused it to decrease to 36.8. In₂O₃ acted as an acceptor due to the donor concentration, which decreases in the range of 1.02 × 10¹⁷ to 0.24 × 10¹⁷/cm³ with increasing concentration of In₂O₃.     

Nanocrystallization of SrBi2Nb2O9 from glasses in the system Li2B4O7---SrO---Bi2O3---Nb2O5

Transparent glasses in the system (100−x)Li₂B₄O₇–x(SrO---Bi₂O₃---Nb₂O₅) (10≤x≤60) (in molar ratio) were fabricated by a conventional melt-quenching technique. Amorphous and glassy characteristics of the as-quenched samples were established via X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and differential thermal analyses (DTA) respectively. Glass–ceramics embedded with strontium bismuth niobate, SrBi₂Nb₂O₉ (SBN) nanocrystals were produced by heat-treating the as-quenched glasses at temperatures higher than 500 °C. Perovskite SBN phase formation through an intermediate fluorite phase in the glass matrix was confirmed by XRD and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Infrared and Raman spectroscopic studies corroborate the observation of fluorite phase formation. The dielectric constant (_r) and the loss factor (D) for the lithium borate, Li₂B₄O₇ (LBO) glass comprising randomly oriented SBN nanocrystals were determined and compared with those predicted based on the various dielectric mixture rule formalism. The dielectric constant was found to increase with increasing SBN content in LBO glass matrix.     

Characterization of YBa2Cu3O7/PrBa2Cu3O7 superlattices

We investigated the structural and superconducting properties ofc-axis oriented (YBa₂Cu₃O₇) _nY /(PrBa₂Cu₃O₇) _npr superlattices with thicknesses of the individual layers down to one unit cell (10nY1; 18>nPr 1). By transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction we find an excellent structural quality of the samples, though the quantitative analysis shows the existence of defects. In superlattices with decoupled YBa₂Cu₃O₇ layers of two unit cell thickness we find a highT _c value of 75 K. We probed the flux line structure in the superlattices by measurements of the critical current density in magnetic fields. The experiments show that the flux-line dynamics is dominated by the movement of pancake vortices.     

Magnetic coupling in La0.67Ca0.33MnO3/La0.67Sr0.33CoO3/La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 sandwiches

La_0.67Ca_0.33MnO₃ (LCMO)/La_0.67Sr_0.33CoO₃ (LSCO)/LCMO trilayer films are fabricated on single-crystal substrates NdGaO₃ (110) and the interlayer coupling are investigated. Compared with LCMO single layer, sandwiches showed the enhanced metal-insulator transition temperature of LCMO layers. The magnetoresistance is dependent on spacer thickness and the peak value dramatically decreases when LSCO layer is thick enough because of shorting by the LSCO layer. The magnetic coercivity H_C shows a nonmonotonic behavior with changing spacer layer thickness and the waist-like hysteresis indicates that there is an indirect exchange coupling between the top and bottom LCMO layers across the spacer layer.     

The effect of Bi1.5Zn0.5Nb0.5Ti1.5O7 cover layer on the dielectric and tunable properties of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3/Bi1.5Zn0.5Nb0.5Ti1.5O7 bilayered thin films

Bi_1.5Zn_0.5Nb_0.5Ti_1.5O₇ (BZNT) thin films with different thicknesses as cover layers were deposited on the Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃ (BST) thin films on the Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering method. The microstructure, surface morphology, dielectric and tunable properties of BST/BZNT heterogeneous bilayered films were investigated as a function of the thickness of BZNT films and the effect of BZNT films on the asymmetric electrical properties of BST/BZNT bilayered films was discussed. It was found that BZNT cover layer significantly improved the leakage current and the dielectric loss, and the dielectric constant and tunability of BST/BZNT bilayered thin films simultaneously decreased with the increasing thickness of BZNT films. The BST/BZNT bilayered thin film with a 50 nm BZNT cover layer gave the largest figure of merit (FOM) of 33.48 with the upper tunability of 55.38%. The asymmetric electrical behavior of BST/BZNT bilayered films is probably related to an internal electric field caused by built-in voltages at Pt/BST and BZNT/Au interfaces.     

MoO3-V2O5-P2O5-Fe2O3玻璃的制备及性能研究

制备了MoO3-V2O5-P2O5-Fe2O3系磷酸盐玻璃,研究了玻璃形成能力、热膨胀系数和抗潮解等性能.结果表明,MoO3-V2O5-P2O5-Fe2O3系统具有较宽的玻璃形成区和较强的玻璃形成能力,当MoO3/V2O5≈1.5时,玻璃形成能力最强.MoO3-V2O5-P2O5-Fe2O3玻璃的热膨胀系数约为60～110×10-7/℃,并且随着Fe2O3含量的增加而逐渐增大.加入适量的Fe2O3能够显著改善MoO3-V2O5-P2O5玻璃的抗潮解性能,在90℃的去离子水中的溶解速率达到8.0×10-9g·cm-2·min-1.     

Structural study of Sr0.3Ba0.7Nb2O6 and La0.030Sr0.255Ba0.700Nb2O6 ceramic systems

Sr_0.3Ba_0.7Nb₂O₆ (SBN) and La_0.030Sr_0.255Ba_0.700Nb₂O₆ (LSBN) ceramic compounds have been prepared using the traditional ceramic method at two different calcination temperatures (900 and 1000 °C) and later sintered both at 1400 °C. A study of the effects of the calcination temperatures and La substitution on the morphological, compositional, and structural properties of SBN and LSBN is presented using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. From Rietveld refinement processes, the XRD patterns were interpreted to evaluate such effects in the structural parameters and the site occupation factors of the heavy metals and oxygen atoms. The effect of the incorporation of La resulted in a 0.25% cell contraction and turned out to be higher than the 0.08% dilation effect produced by the increase of calcination temperature. The La ion with similar effective ionic radius and higher electronegativity is incorporated into the structure occupying the A₁ site just like the Sr ions in the SBN compound. Differences in the site occupation factors between the SBN and LSBN samples lead to substantial changes in the physical properties such as temperature of relative dielectric constant maximum, relative dielectric constant, and dielectric loss, correlated with the distortion and the relative orientation of the oxygen octahedra.     

Microstructures of YBa2Cu3O7/La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 and La0.7Ca0.3MnO3/YBa2Cu3O7 bi-layers grown on (001)LaAlO3

Epitaxial YBa₂Cu₃O₇/La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ (YBCO/LCMO) bi-layers and La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃/YBa₂Cu₃O₇ (LCMO/YBCO) bi-layers were grown on (001)LaAlO₃ by pulsed laser deposition, and their microstructures were compared by transmission electron microscopy investigation. In the YBCO(100 nm)/LCMO(150 nm) bi-layers, the LCMO layer consists of columnar grains of ~ 17 nm in diameter and contains mixed orientation domains of [100]_c, [010]_c and [001]_c. The YBCO layer is totally c-axis oriented and the YBCO lattices are tilted − 2.5° to + 2.5° as they grew on the rough surfaces of LCMO columnar grains. For the LCMO(140 nm)/YBCO(140 nm) bi-layers, the LCMO/YBCO interface is sharp and flat. The initial 12-nm thickness of the YBCO layer is composed of c-axis oriented domains, and the upper part of YBCO layer is [100] oriented. The LCMO layer was predominantly [001]_c oriented while [100]_c-oriented domains were occasionally observed.     

Syntheses of hollandite type Rb2Cr8O16, K2Cr2V6O16 and K2V8O16

Hollandite-type compounds, Rb₂Cr₈O₁₆, K₂Cr₂V₆O₁₆ and K₂V₈O₁₆, were synthesized under high P-T conditions up to 1200°C and 7GPa. The structural refinement using a single crystal of Rb₂Cr₈O₁₆ confirms that the structure is similar to that of K₂Cr₈O₁₆. Magnetic measurements indicate that Rb₂Cr₈O₁₆ is ferromagnetic below 295K, K₂Cr₂V₆O₁₆ paramagnetic down to 77K and K₂V₈O₁₆ has susceptibility anomaly at 175K. These compounds are all semiconductive and show discontinuities in temperature-resistivity curves at points corresponding to magnetic anomalies.     

静电纺丝法制备的Co0.6Ni0.3Cu0.1Fe2O4和Co0.6Ni0.3Zn0.1Fe2O4纳米纤维的结构及磁性能

采用静电纺丝技术制备出表面光滑、直径均匀的Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Cu_(0.1)Fe_2O_4/PVP和Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Zn_(0.1)Fe_2O_4/PVP纳米纤维前驱丝,经500~900℃煅烧后得到Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Cu_(0.1)Fe_2O_4和Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Zn_(0.1)Fe_2O_4纳米纤维。用TG-DSC、XRD、SEM及VSM现代测试分析手段对Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Cu_(0.1)Fe_2O_4和Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Zn_(0.1)Fe_2O_4纳米纤维的结构、形貌及磁学性能进行测试表征。结果表明:在空气气氛中经500~900℃煅烧后可得到纯尖晶石相、结晶度良好的纳米纤维或短纤维;当温度为700℃时,Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Cu_(0.1)Fe_2O_4和Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Zn_(0.1)Fe_2O_4纳米纤维的形貌细长而光滑且直径相对均匀,大约为80nm;此时Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Cu_(0.1)Fe_2O_4纳米纤维则保有较高的剩磁比(M_r/M_s)及矫顽力,分别为0.56和1 088.87Oe。在500℃、600℃、700℃、800℃、900℃煅烧后,Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Zn_(0.1)Fe_2O_4纳米纤维的饱和磁化强度分别比Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.3)Cu_(0.1)Fe_2O_4纳米纤维增大了14.5%、7%、16%、10.7%、8%,而矫顽力则分别降低了38%、51%、50%、46%、46.7%。两种纳米纤维的饱和磁化强度及矫顽力存在差异,为CoNi铁氧体在电磁方面的应用提供了很好的参考。