模糊概率法在甘蔗品种综合评价中的应用

应用模糊概率法对2006年广东省区域试验的16个甘蔗品种进行综合分析评价.结果表明:各参试甘蔗品种的优劣次序为粤糖94-128、桂糖94-116、CP8、广西Mex105、福农98-1103、云蔗99-596,闽糖96-1409、ROC16、云南Q170、CP7、桂糖96-211、LCP85-384、FR93-435、福农88-1762、ROC10、闽糖98-730,综合评价结果与品种的实际表现完全吻合.模糊概率法大大减少了运算量,是一种客观、有效地进行综合评价的定量方法.     

全国甘蔗新品种第四轮区域试验湛江区试点结果分析

2003-20042年新植和1年宿根的结果表明，12个参试品种中，粤糖91-1102和桂糖94119增产增糖幅度大，农艺性状及宿根性能良好，分别居第1和第2位；粤农91-600和云蔗94-375增产幅度大，但增糖幅度不明显，农艺性状良好，宿根性前者较好，后者中等；粤糖96-244和福农96-0616新植蔗增产、增糖明显，但宿根性相对较差；其余品种比对照种R0C10均有不同程度的减产减糖，表现较差。     

第五轮国家甘蔗品种在广西南宁和隆安生产示范试验的表现

2007～2009年间,在广西甘蔗研究所试验农场和隆安县金穗公司对6个参试材料和2个对照品种进行了1年新植和1年宿根的生产示范试验。结果表明：MEX105、闽糖96-1409、云蔗99-596、Q170、HOCP92-648的平均蔗茎产量和平均含糖量均高于2对照,表现为增产增糖。MEX105和闽糖96-1409的平均甘蔗蔗糖分也高于2对照,综合性状表现较好。     

值得在旱地蔗区推广的甘蔗优良新品种

本文简要介绍了甘蔗优良新品种闽糖96-1409、福农98-1103、LCP85-384的特征特性,这3个品种的蔗茎产量、含糖量表现优良,宿根性、稳产性好,值得在旱地蔗区进一步示范推广.     

国家第6轮甘蔗品种生产试验漳州点综合评价

为研究甘蔗品种在不同生态条件下的适应性、稳定性和丰产性,对来自广西、云南、广东、海南及福建等省份的甘蔗研究科研院所与高校选育的9个甘蔗品种在漳州蔗区进行1年新植2年宿根的生产试验。结果表明,参试品种农艺性状表现良好。粤甘50号、粤甘48号比对照增产45.2%以上,达极显著水平;福农09-12206蔗糖分最高,比对照高1.66个百分点;桂糖08-120、粤甘50号分别增糖59.6%、52.6%,增糖达极显著水平;福农09-7111比对照略减产,其余品种均不同程度增产、增糖。     

2006～2007年广东省甘蔗新品种区域试验高阳区试点试验结果分析

2006～2007 2年新植和1年宿根试验结果表明,粤糖99-66增产,增糖极显著,农艺性状及宿根性能好,居参试品种之首;粤糖00-236和粤糖00-318比CK1增产不明显,增糖显著,比CK2增产、增糖均达极显著水平,它们均属早熟高糖性能突出的品种.粤糖01-79比CK2增产、增糖显著,农艺性状较好.     

全国第4轮甘蔗品种区域试验总结(上)

在四川资中进行了3年的全国甘蔗品种第四轮区试.结果表明,云蔗95-128综合性状表现突出,甘蔗单产和含糖量位居第1和第2;云蔗94-375、闽糖92-505.桂糖94-119、福农95-1702的绝大多数工农艺性状优良,甘蔗单产和含糖量都较高.这些品种(系)可在四川蔗区扩大种植.赣南95-108、粤糖91-1102、桂糖95-53的大多数工农艺性状优良,甘蔗单产和含糖量较高,可在条件适宜的地块种植.川引97-1、粤糖96-244、粤农91-600和福农96-0616等品种(系)的多数性状表现不突出,有待继续试验观察.     

第二轮国家甘蔗品种区域试验结果续报

通过2年新植和2年宿根试验，对来自福建、广东、云南、四川、广西5省(区)提供的甘蔗优良品种(系)进行了联合区域试验。结果表明，桂糖90—95的蔗茎产量和含糖量分别比CKl增产25．5％和26．4％．比CK2增产19．6％和25．4％，居参试品种之首；福农91—21和福农91—23也比两对照增产增糖，但增产的幅度较小。桂糖91—l16、福农91—21、粤糖89—240、粤糖91—976、福农91—23和闽糖90—55的含糖量均高于两对照，位居第二至第七。其它品种的蔗茎产量和含糖量均不及两对照。桂糖90—95、桂糖91—ll6、福农91—21和粤糖89—240的蔗茎产量、蔗糖分、生势、生速及抗逆性等性状优于两对照或与两对照相仿。     

2004～2005年广东省甘蔗新品种区域化试验结果

2004～2005年在广东蔗区对5个甘蔗新品种进行区域化试验.5个试验点2年新植1年宿根的试验结果表明,粤糖96-86分别比ROC10和ROC22增产16.95%和6.23%,增糖18.73%和5.33%;粤糖95-168分别比ROC10和ROC22增产19.9 3%和8.93%,增糖17.10%和3.88%.这2个品种宿根性和农艺性状优良,稳产性和适应性好.其余品种较对照品种均有不同程度的减产和减糖.     

2011～2012年全国甘蔗新品种广东遂溪试点试验结果

采用裂区试验统计模型对2011～2012年全国甘蔗新品种广东遂溪试点第1年新植和第2年宿根试验结果进行分析,结果表明,参试品种之间的新宿平均蔗茎产量和含糖量都差异极显著。柳城03-1137、粤甘35号和福农39号新宿平均蔗茎产量、含糖量均较对照显著或极显著增产、增糖,居参试品种前3名,其中粤甘35号表现为宿根性强、有效茎数多;粤甘34号的蔗茎产量显著高于ROC22和ROC16,抗风折,但糖分低;而赣南02-70和福农36号则较对照减产、减糖,且宿根性较差。各参试品种表现不一。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Influence des ions sur le pouvoir hydratant de l'ure e: e tude sur peau de porc ex vivo

This study deals with the influence of ions (NaCl and MgSO4) in a W/O emulsion containing 10% urea. Moisturization kinetics are assessed by corneometry on pig skin ex vivo. The formula's influence on urea penetration is measured by infrared spectrometry with an ATR device and the stripping method. Corneometry and spectroscopy were chosen to record simultaneously the hydratation levels and urea localization into superficial cell layers. Urea crystallization after evaporation of emulsions and aqueous solutions is described. Results show that urea does not hydrate nor penetrate when applied to the skin through an aqueous gel. In a W/O emulsion, sodium chloride increases the ability of urea to moisturize without improving penetration. In vitro urea crystallization is disturbed by sodium chloride or magnesium sulphate for solutions and emulsions. This stabilization by ions is correlated with good moisturization values. The stabilization of urea in the solute state provided by ions increases its water epidermal binding capacity without enhancing penetration.     

Analysis on Economic Indicators from 62 Enterprises in Printing Machinery Industry in Q1 2014

Operation of printing machine industry was still unsatisfactory in the first quarter of 2014.Analysis on operation of printing machine industry.a.Market demand was not strong;sales of product undulated and declined.According to the statistics,the total industrial output value fell by 19.28% in the first quarter of 2014 than the average quarter value in 2013; industrial added value decreased by 4.16%; sales revenue dropped by 22.83%. h. Business operation of enterprises was in poor condition. c. R＆D of new products is an important transformation guarantee for enterprises. d. To take self explore new ways upgrading advantages,and explore new ways.