CL-TBP萃淋树脂吸附镓的性能及应用研究

研究了ＣＬ－ＴＢＰ萃淋树脂在ＨＣＬ溶液中吸镓的性能。考察了酸度、浓度、温度及共存离子等条件对吸附过程的影响。在６ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣＬ介质中,树脂对镓有良好的吸附性能,吸附镓量可达６１ｍｇ／ｇ树脂,被吸附的镓可用０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＨ４ＣＩ溶液定量洗脱。用该树脂在含镓２４．１μｇ／ｇ的煤灰的浸液中吸附分离镓,回收率为９２．１％。     

螯合树脂法从酸性溶液中分离回收铟和镓

采用氨基磷酸螯合树脂对酸性溶液中的铟、镓进行了吸附分离研究。结果表明:该螯合树脂对溶液中铟、镓有较好的吸附性能,吸附于树脂上的铟、镓可分别以4 mol/L的HCl溶液或1 mol/L的NaOH溶液予以洗脱。利用NaOH溶液洗脱铟、镓显著差别,可望以该树脂从酸性溶液中分离回收铟和镓。     

离子交换法从锌电解液中脱除氯试验研究

研究了采用大孔阴离子交换树脂从锌电解液中吸附脱除氯离子。通过静态试验和动态试验,考察了吸附时间、溶液pH及氯离子质量浓度对树脂吸附氯离子容量的影响,同时,也考察了循环次数对树脂稳定性的影响。结果表明:静态试验中,常温下,树脂对Cl~-的吸附平衡时间为20min,吸附容量为36.993 8mg/g;溶液pH在4.40~5.22范围内,树脂对Cl~-有良好的吸附性;在一定的氯离子质量浓度范围内,树脂对氯离子的吸附容量随氯离子质量浓度增大而增大。动态试验中,常温条件下,树脂循环使用4次,吸附容量变化不大,较为稳定;负载树脂上的氯离子用浓度为0.5mol/L的稀硫酸溶液解吸,解吸率达98.5%,解吸效果较好。     

改性花生壳吸附分离湿法炼锌溶液中的镓和锗

研究酒石酸改性花生壳对湿法炼锌浸出液中镓和锗的吸附过程,考察吸附时间、改性花生壳的用量、溶液初始pH值、吸附温度以及溶液中镓、锗初始浓度对镓、锗吸附率的影响,并探讨了花生壳吸附镓、锗动力学.结果表明:改性花生壳可实现湿法炼锌浸出液中镓和锗的有效分离,且对锗的吸附效果优于镓,在吸附时间为3 h、溶液初始pH=3、吸附温度...     

用离子交换法从拜耳工艺溶液中提取镓的工业实践

介绍了采用密实移动床吸附塔、以离子交换法从拜耳工艺溶液中提取镓的扩大试验结果。树脂吸附镓饱和以后，用特制的碱性络合淋洗剂淋洗。淋洗合格液经蒸发浓缩、冷冻结晶、氧化等工序处理后再进行电解，可获得产品镓，贫树脂经转型后可返回吸附工序再使用。本工艺流程简单，操作方便，试剂用量少，产品成本低，对环境无污染，镓吸附率可达60％－65％，淋洗率大于90％，电解回收率大于90％。     

CL-P204萃淋树脂对溶液中钒的吸附性能研究

探究CL-P204萃淋树脂对溶液中V(Ⅳ)的吸附效果。考察溶液pH、反应时间、初始浓度、温度对钒吸附容量的影响,并对吸附过程进行了动力学和热力学分析。结果表明,CL-P204萃淋树脂在298K、pH=1.6的条件下,吸附8h即可达到平衡,对V(Ⅳ)的最大吸附容量为34.2mg/g。树脂循环使用4次后对钒依然有良好的吸附效果。CL-P204萃淋树脂对钒的吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程和Langmuir等温吸附方程,是吸热熵增加的自发反应。     

N235浸渍树脂的制备及对钒的吸附研究

以N235为萃取剂,XAD-16HP多孔吸附树脂为载体,制备了N235浸渍树脂,确定了最佳的萃取剂浓度为50%。采用静态吸附实验法探究了在硫酸体系下溶液p H、钒浓度、吸附温度及时间等因素对N235浸渍树脂吸附钒的影响。研究结果表明:N235浸渍树脂吸附V(V)的最佳p H为1.8左右。V(V)的等温吸附曲线符合Freundlich等温吸附模型。V(V)的吸附反应为吸热反应。25℃条件下,N235浸渍树脂对V(V)的吸附平衡时间为10 h。N235浸渍树脂循环使用过程中,开始吸附容量有明显的下降,循环7次后吸附容量趋于稳定,循环9次后吸附容量为初始的77.83%,这表明N235浸渍树脂多次循环使用后仍保持较高的吸附容量,可用于含钒溶液的分离富集。     

离子交换树脂在红土镍矿湿法冶炼中的应用:被吸附溶液pH值和树脂再生性能研究

离子交换树脂吸附技术在回收红土镍矿浸出液中镍、钴的应用方面还处于研究阶段,前期研究结果表明该技术可行,并给出了相应的工艺条件。本文在之前实验研究基础上,针对液相初始pH值优选范围是pH≥3的结论和树脂再生的条件和性能进行了进一步的实验,得出了更为成熟的结论。pH值对树脂吸附各金属容量影响的实验表明,将被吸附溶液pH值调节到4,再实施吸附工序较为合适;氢氧化钠浓度对树脂的再生性能影响的实验表明,先用硫酸解吸,再用氢氧化钠溶液转型可以实现树脂再生,采用的转型液氢氧化钠浓度为5%合适;树脂的再生性能检测实验表明,实验中采用的树脂经过多次再生后对溶液的镍、钴的吸附容量没有明显下降。     

树脂富集铼的研究

用201×7强碱性凝胶型离子交换树脂对钼精矿焙烧烟尘浸出液中的铼进行分离富集工艺条件进行研究。通过对溶液中主要金属离子存在状态的分析,选择用201×7树脂对溶液中铼进行离子交换吸附,对该树脂在实验溶液中的有关吸附交换的表观吸附容量、吸附溶液pH等进行了实验研究,另外选择出了对负载树脂上铼进行有效解吸的解吸剂,并进行了动态解吸。实验结果表明:烟尘浸出液经氧化预处理后,用201×7树脂在常温,pH=9.0时可以对浸出液中的铼有效富集,树脂对铼的表观饱和吸附容量为92 mg/g;采用1 mol/L的硝酸溶液可以对负载树脂上的铼进行有效的解吸。     

碱性溶液低浓度镓的回收

某氧化铝厂赤泥除含大量的Fe_2O_3、Al_2O_3和Na_2O外,其Ga_2O_3含量高达96.25mg/kg。采用电解废旧阴极高温还原赤泥分离铁、铝、钠的过程中,除获得铝和钠的高效回收外,Ga_2O_3浸出率高达90.41%,浸出液中Ga_2O_3的浓度为7.19mg/L,具有回收价值。采用树脂离子交换工艺对还原性烧结熟料浸出液中的镓进行富集回收,结果表明,最适宜镓吸附条件为:LSC-700树脂用量0.6g/L、温度(50±0.5)℃、接触时间24h、振荡速率120r/min,镓吸附效率为52.13%;对镓负载树脂采用酸法解吸,镓的平均解吸率为92.29%,解吸溶液含镓平均86.43mg/L,比初次浸出溶液(7.19mg/L)和二次循环浸出溶液(21.62mg/L)分别富集了12倍和4倍。     

从混联法生产中提取镓的研究

针对联合法厂家资源的分布特点,提出采用化学法和树脂吸附法相结合的方式实现同时回收烧结法和拜尔法循环母液中镓的新工艺,并通过小试和扩试结果分析,阐述了该工艺的可行性。     

Extraction and separation of In(III), Ga(III) and Zn(II) from sulfate solution using extraction resin

The separation of In(III), Ga(III) and Zn(II) from sulfate solution has been studied using an extraction resin containing 2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester (P507 extraction resin). The effect of pH on the extraction of each metal was determined. Extraction isotherms were then constructed at selected pH. Results show that In(III) is first extracted from aqueous solutions at pH 2.0 using this resin while Ga(III) and Zn(II) are co-extracted at pH 3.0. Their separation can be carried out using HCl of different concentrations as eluants. The saturation adsorption capabilities of indium(III) and gallium(III) were evaluated as 47.2 and 31.0 mg/g or 0.41 and 0.44 mmol/g, respectively. The molar ratio of metal ion: P507 reagent on resin was about 1:3. Loaded resins can be regenerated, and the metals can be recovered selectively. Two fixed-bed columns arranged in-series were successfully used for the separation and recovery of these three metal ions from a multi-component solution.     

2-year clinical evaluation of a gallium restorative alloy

PURPOSE: To assess the clinical performance of 2-year old gallium alloy restorations. Parameters evaluated include: (1) fracture at the margins, (2) tarnish, (3) surface roughness, (4) tooth fracture, (5) fracture through the body of the restoration, and (6) any medical or dental conditions arising during the study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine patients received 30 Class I restorations of Galloy gallium alloy. These were placed as conservatively as possible under a rubber dam. Fifteen of the preparations were lined with a Bis-GMA resin to seal the restoration from moisture. The other 15 preparations were sealed with Amalgambond. After placement of the gallium alloy, the exposed surfaces of all restorations were sealed with the Bis-GMA resin, and the occlusion was checked. The restorations were examined at 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years. RESULTS: At the 2-year recall, all restorations were intact with the exception of one tooth fracture (cause unknown). Forty-five percent of the restorations exhibited tarnish and 60% had a rough surface. The fracture at the margins of these restorations was minimal, and no significant difference could be found between those using Amalgambond and those sealed with the resin system. No medical problems were reported by the patients, and postoperative sensitivity was minimal.     

Behavior of pure gallium in water and various saline solutions

This study investigated the chemical stability of pure gallium in water and saline solutions in order to obtain fundamental knowledge about the corrosion mechanism of gallium-based alloys. A pure gallium plate (99.999%) was suspended in 50 mL of deionized water, 0.01%, 0.1% or 1% NaCl solution at 24 +/- 2 degrees C for 1, 7, or 28 days. The amounts of gallium released into the solutions were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The surfaces of the specimens were examined after immersion by x-ray diffractometry (XRD) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In the solutions containing 0.1% or more NaCl, the release of gallium ions into the solution was lowered when compared to deionized water after 28-day immersion. Gallium oxide monohydroxide was found by XRD on the specimens immersed in deionized water after 28-day immersion. XPS indicated the formation of gallium oxide/hydroxide on the specimens immersed in water or 0.01% NaCl solution. The chemical stability of pure solid gallium was strongly affected by the presence of Cl- ions in the aqueous solution.     

盐酸浸出氧化铝赤泥回收镓

研究了拜耳法赤泥盐酸浸出镓的过程。采用正交试验考察浸出温度、时间、液固比和酸度对镓浸出率的影响。结果表明,在最佳浸出条件下:8mol/L盐酸、液固比4.0、109℃浸出5h,镓浸出率达到95.4%。用50%TBP+50%煤油一次萃取,镓萃取率达到98%。用0.5%食盐水反萃,镓反萃率为96.8%。反萃液用0.5mol/L NaOH溶液中和、过滤、烘干后,固体中镓的质量百分数为4.32%,从赤泥中富集了136倍。镓的总回收率达到85%以上。     

用柠檬酸解吸镓的试验研究

离子交换法回收金属镓时一般采用硫化钠作解吸剂,但硫化钠解吸率较低,只有60%左右,且对环境有一定影响.试验研究了用无毒无害的柠檬酸从负载树脂上解吸金属镓.考察了柠檬酸质量浓度、解吸时间、解吸温度对镓解吸率的影响,并与硫化钠溶液解吸结果进行比较.结果表明,对于饱和树脂,用100 g/L柠檬酸,在室温下解吸2 h,镓解吸反应达到平衡,解吸后的贫树脂可返回使用.