搅拌摩擦加工制备纳米RE/Al_2O_3增强铝基复合材料

铝基复合材料因其优异的物理性能及机械性能已得到广泛应用.文中通过在2219-O铝合金内部添加不同比例的RE/Al_2O_3纳米粉末,利用搅拌摩擦加工技术,制备铝基复合材料.并对搅拌区进行金相、拉伸、硬度、SEM,EDS和XRD等试验.结果表明,搅拌区金属在搅拌头强烈的搅拌摩擦作用下发生显著的塑性变形和连续动态再结晶,形成细小的等轴晶粒,并具有明显的洋葱环组织.复合材料的抗拉强度为母材的163%、屈服强度为母材的195%,同时硬度也明显增加.但是不同稀土比例对金属基复合材料的组织形貌和力学性能影响不大.大块复合材料制备过程粉末添加及隧道型缺陷的控制是关键.     

基于搅拌摩擦加工制备石墨烯增强铝基复合材料

为减少增强相团聚现象,利用搅拌摩擦加工方法,分别将多层石墨烯和无电镀铜石墨烯添加进6061-T651铝合金,制备铝基复合材料。通过光学显微镜、拉曼光谱仪、XRD衍射仪和硬度计,分析复合材料中增强相的分布质量、复合材料成分及硬度。结果表明:与多层石墨烯相比,无电镀铜石墨烯更容易在搅拌区中分散均匀,但出现石墨化现象;多层石墨烯和无电镀铜石墨烯均未与铝母材结合生成金属间化合物;无电镀铜石墨烯添加到铝合金中,可有效提高其硬度,硬度最大可达搅拌摩擦母材的85%,硬度波动最大仅为13 HV。     

多次搅拌下SiC颗粒增强铝基复合层组织与性能

采用搅拌摩擦加工制备SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料,研究搅拌次数对复合层晶粒尺寸、硬度、拉伸及磨损性能的影响。结果表明,搅拌加工时添加SiC颗粒可提高复合层的硬度、耐磨性,但会降低其强度。随着搅拌次数的增加,复合材料硬度得到提高,添加SiC颗粒的试样经4道次搅拌后搅拌区平均硬度130 HV,而未添加颗粒时为118 HV。添加颗粒试样搅拌4次后,抗拉强度比搅拌1次试样强度明显提高,可达360.6 MPa,可达铝合金母材的68.5%。添加颗粒能够提高复合层的耐磨性,未添加颗粒时复合层摩擦系数为0.6,相比添加颗粒时仅为0.5。随着搅拌次数的增加,搅拌区晶粒细化程度得以提高,SiC颗粒分布更加均匀。     

添加Mg对SiCp/Al复合材料显微组织及磨损性能影响

采用半固态机械搅拌法制备了不同Mg添加量的SiCp增强铝基复合材料,并对其微观组织、硬度及耐磨特性进行研究.结果袁明,合金元素Mg的添加,改善了SiC颗粒与铝基体的润湿性,并形成良好的冶金结合,提高了SiCp/Al复合材料的硬度;Mg加入量为2%时,SiC颗粒分布较为弥散,SiCp/Al复合材料的相对磨损率小,耐磨性能好.     

采用FSP制备新型非晶增强铝基复合材料的组织与性能

利用搅拌摩擦加工技术获得的新型非晶增强铝基复合材料,通过金相、扫描电镜、显微硬度及拉伸试验等对其显微组织结构及力学性能进行了试验和分析.试验结果表明,复合材料主要以层状结构组成,主要由母材和非晶带交替形成.复合材料显微硬度明显高于母材,并且复合材料的抗拉强度显著提高,当旋转速度达到750 r/min,抗拉强度达到最大值...     

一种非晶增强铝基复合材料的制备工艺及组织性能

利用搅拌摩擦加工技术成功制备了一种新型非晶增强铝基复合材料,分析其显微组织、硬度以及元素成分分布.试验结果表明,复合材料主要由母材和非晶带交替形成的层状结构组成,显微硬度有明显提高.复合材料中的非晶带产生了一定的晶化,摩擦热、机械搅拌力以及轴肩压力的综合作用可能是导致非晶带晶化的主要原因.     

新型非晶增强铝基复合材料的制备及组织性能

利用搅拌摩擦加工技术制备了一种新型的非晶增强铝基复合材料,用金相、显微硬度计及扫描电镜等分析复合材料的显微组织、硬度以及成分组成.结果表明,复合材料主要由母材和非晶带经搅拌摩擦加工后交替形成的层状结构组成,其显微硬度与母材相比有所提高.复合材料主要由α-Al,Mg2Al3,Mnal6以及La3Al11等物相组成,原始非晶带经搅拌摩擦加工后存在一定的晶化特征,而非晶的晶化可能是摩擦热、机械搅拌力以及轴肩压力等综合因素共同作用的结果.     

搅拌摩擦加工法制备铝基复合材料组织与性能研究

用搅拌摩擦加工法制备碳纳米管增强铝基复合材料,并对其组织及硬度进行了分析。结果表明:搅拌摩擦中心区晶粒尺寸与轴肩变形区相似,晶粒比较细小;搅拌摩擦区边界的晶粒组织发生了明显的塑性变形,晶粒被扭曲拉长。碳纳米管在搅拌摩擦中心区均匀分散,和基体结合良好。碳纳米管对基材有明显的强化作用,搅拌摩擦中心区硬度在55 HV左右,是纯铝的2倍。     

纳米SiCw增强铝基复合材料的搅拌摩擦加工制备

用搅拌摩擦加工法制备纳米SiCw增强ZL114A铝基复合材料,并对其组织及性能进行分析.结果表明,在30 mm×6mm形成了结构致密,无明显疏松、孔洞的搅拌摩擦复合区,复合区晶粒细小,搅拌摩擦中心区SiCw分布较均匀.该复合材料经T6热处理后强化效果不明显,SiCw主要起韧化作用,搅拌摩擦中心区硬度及抗拉强度略有下降,但伸长率得到改善,比基材提高111.4％.     

低活化铁素体–马氏体钢搅拌摩擦焊接头组织和性能分析

文中对9% Cr低活化铁素体-马氏体钢搅拌摩擦焊接头的组织和性能进行了分析.结果表明,搅拌摩擦焊接头不同区域微观组织存在明显的差异.搅拌区内奥氏体的动态再结晶引起晶粒细化和马氏体转变,并且晶界M₂₃C₆相溶解,晶内M₃C相析出;热力影响区组织变化与搅拌区相似,但晶粒尺寸明显大于母材;热影响区和母材区均表现回火组织特征.搅拌区硬度显著提高,分布均匀;热力影响区硬度值变化较大;热影响区发生软化,其硬度值在接头区域最低.随着拉伸测试温度的增加,搅拌区的屈服强度单调降低,抗拉强度先增大后减小,而断后伸长率先减小后增大.     

亚共析钢搅拌摩擦加工组织与力学性能

采用K40钨钴硬质合金搅拌头对3 mm厚热轧退火态亚共析钢板进行了搅拌摩擦加工,对加工区域的宏观形貌、微观组织及力学性能进行了分析．结果表明,搅拌区和热力影响区为先共析块状铁素体、“针状”铁素体及珠光体,组织转变受动态再结晶和相变共同作用,热影响区组织为等轴状铁素体和片层状珠光体．搅拌摩擦加工对各区域中珠光体及析出渗碳体的分布形态影响显著．搅拌摩擦加工后试样显微硬度明显增加,抗拉强度相比母材提高8.2%,断裂位置位于母材处,加工前后试样断裂形式均为微孔聚合韧性断裂．固溶强化与相变强化对硬度和抗拉强度的提高起主要作用．     

Effect of applied current on the electrodeposited Ni-Al2O3 composite coatings

Nano-sized Al₂O₃ ceramic particles (50 nm) were co-deposited with nickel using electrodeposition technique to develop composite coatings. The coatings were produced in an aqueous nickel bath at different current densities and the research investigated the effect of applied current on microstructure and thickness of the coatings. The variation in some mechanical properties such as hardness, wear resistance, and the adhesive strength of the composite coatings is influenced by the applied current and this was also studied. The morphology of the coatings was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The hardness, wear resistance, and bond strength of the coatings were evaluated by Vickers micro-hardness test, pin-on-disc test, and tensile test, respectively. Results showed that the Al₂O₃ particles were uniformly distributed in the coatings, and the coatings deposited at a current density of 0.01 A/cm² was most favorable in achieving a maximum current efficiency which causes the co-deposition of a maximum amount of Al₂O₃ particles (4.3 wt.%) in the coatings. The increase in Al₂O₃ particles in the coatings increased the mechanical properties of the Ni-Al₂O₃ composite coatings by grain refining and dispersion strengthening mechanisms.     

Al2O3/TiB2/Al复合材料的微观结构和高温力学性能

以细雾化铝粉和TiB₂颗粒为原料,通过粉末冶金和热轧制制备微米TiB₂和纳米Al₂O₃颗粒增强铝基复合材料。室温时,由于TiB₂和Al₂O₃的综合强化作用,Al₂O₃/TiB₂/Al复合材料的屈服强度和抗拉强度分别为258.7 MPa和279.3 MPa,测试温度升至350℃时,TiB₂颗粒的增强效果显著减弱,原位纳米Al₂O₃颗粒与位错的交互作用使得复合材料的屈服强度和抗拉强度达到98.2MPa和122.5 MPa。经350℃退火1000 h后,由于纳米Al₂O₃对晶界的钉扎作用抑制晶粒长大,强度和硬度未发生显著的降低。     

Microstructure,mechanical properties and two-body abrasive wear behaviour of hypereutectic Al—Si—SiC composite

The microstructure, mechanical properties, and the effects of sliding distance and material removal mechanism on two-body abrasive wear behaviour of hypereutectic Al—Si—SiC composite and its matrix alloy were investigated. The hypereutectic Al—Si—SiC composite was prepared by stir casting route. The hardness, ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of the composite are increased by 17%, 38%, and 30% respectively compared with those of the matrix alloy, while the elongation of the composite is decreased by 48% compared with that of the matrix alloy. The wear rate of the materials is increased with increasing the abrasive size and the applied load and does not vary with the sliding distance. The wear surfaces and wear debris of the materials were characterized by high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (HR FESEM) and wear mechanism was analyzed for low and high load regimes.     

Characterisation of welded joints produced by FSW in AA 1100–B4C metal matrix composites

Abstract

The feasibility of friction stir welding for joining AA 1100 based metal matrix composites reinforced with B₄C particulate is studied for 16 and 30%B₄C volume concentrations. For both composites, friction stir welding has a significant influence on the particle size distribution and the matrix grain size. For the 16% composite, the average particle size decreases after welding by ～20% and the grain size from 15 to 5 μm as measured in the weld nugget. Tensile testing of welded joints showed up to 100% joint efficiency for both annealed AA 1100–16%B₄C and AA 1100–30%B₄C composite materials. However, if the ultimate tensile strength values of all the studied composites are similar at ～130 MPa, then the weld ductility is higher for the annealed materials. Furthermore, it was observed that varying the welding speed between 100 and 275 mm min^?1 does not influence the tensile properties and the particle size distribution in the nugget.     

氧化物/不锈钢梯度复合材料初步设计与评价

采用粉末层叠和整体热压烧结的方法,制备了Y₂Ti₂O₇/316L不锈钢功能梯度复合材料。经金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪和电子探针分析确定,该材料在金属和氧化物界面处实现了成分和微观组织的梯度过渡。对不同梯度含量复合材料的力学性能测试表明,界面处的力学性能存在相应的梯度变化,即随各层金属相含量的逐渐增加,过渡区材料的致密度、抗弯强度不断提升,而硬度则不断下降。     

High specific strength MWCNTs/Mg-14Li-1Al composite prepared by electrophoretic deposition,friction stir processing and cold rolling

Multi-wall carbon nanotubes reinforced Mg-14Li-1Al composite (MWCNTs/Mg-14Li-1Al) was prepared by the processes of electrophoretic deposition, friction stir processing, and cold rolling. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the composite were investigated. The results show that, the microhardness of the composite is up to HV 84.4, which is 91.38% higher than that of the as-cast matrix alloy (HV 44.1). The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the composite are 259 and 313 MPa, which are 135.45% and 115.86% higher than those of the as-cast matrix alloy, respectively, and a high specific strength of 221.98 kN·m/kg is obtained. In the composite, the MWCNTs serve as nucleation particles during the friction stir processing and cold rolling, causing dynamic recrystallization and grain refinement. Furthermore, MWCNTs hinder the movement of dislocations and transfer the load from the matrix alloy, thus improving the strength.     

Investigation of microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir lap jointed Monel 400 and Inconel 600

This study was conducted to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir lap joints. Monel 400 and Inconel 600 were selected as the experimental materials, and friction stir welding was carried out at a tool rotation speed of 200 rpm and welding speed of 100 mm/min. The application of friction stir welding to Monel 400 effectively reduced the grain size in the stir zone; the average grain size of Monel 400 was reduced from 11.9 μm in the base material to 4.2 μm in the stir zone, which resulted in an improvement in the mechanical properties of the stir zone. The joint interface between Monel 400 and Inconel 600 showed a relatively sound weld without grooves or cracks, and only a small amount of voids with a size of 0.5 μm; however, no intermetallic compounds were observed in the lap jointed interface. Moreover, the hook on the advancing side of Monel 400 was formed from Inconel 600, which contributed to maintenance of the tensile strength. The evolution of microstructures and mechanical properties of friction stir lap jointed Monel 400 and Inconel 600 are also discussed herein.     

6061铝合金FSW接头与MIG焊接头对比试验

采用搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)和MIG焊分别对6061铝合金板进行了焊接试验,测试了焊接接头的强度,观察了焊接接头的金相组织,并进行了接头的硬度分布测试.结果表明,搅拌摩擦焊接头抗拉强度高达212.05 MPa,是母材抗拉强度的86％,比MIG焊的接头强度略高.焊接接头软化区宽度比MIG焊接头软化宽度窄.6061铝合金母材为典型的轧制组织,焊核区为细小的等轴晶组织,MIG焊接头焊缝为柱状晶组织.