叔丁醇基凝胶注模成型制备氧化铝多孔陶瓷

以微米级Al2O3粉料为原料,叔丁醇为溶剂,采用凝胶注模成型工艺制备了氧化铝多孔陶瓷,并研究了Al2O3浆料的固相体积分数(分别为8%、10%、13%和15%)对1 500℃保温2 h烧后氧化铝多孔陶瓷的气孔率、气孔孔径分布、耐压强度、热导率和显微结构的影响.结果表明:当Al2O3浆料的固相体积分数从8%增加到15%时,氧化铝多孔陶瓷烧结体的总气孔率从71.2%逐渐降低至61.2%,气孔平均孔径从1.0 μm逐渐减小至0.78 μm,耐压强度从16.0 MPa逐渐增大至45.6 MPa,而热导率从1.03 W·(m·K)-1逐渐增大至1.83W·(m·K)-1.     

水基冷冻干燥工艺制备莫来石结合多孔SiC陶瓷

以微米级SiC和纳米级α-Al2O3为原料,经水基冷冻干燥及原位反应烧结工艺制备莫来石结合多孔SiC陶瓷.XRD分析表明多孔陶瓷主相是α-SiC,结合相是莫来石.多孔陶瓷的孔径分布呈现双峰分布特点,大孔孔径峰值介于3 ～20 μm,小孔孔径峰值为0.5 ～1 μm.体系中SiC固相含量及烧结温度对多孔陶瓷显微结构及性能有显著影响.当SiC固相含量由20vol％增至30vol％时,多孔陶瓷的孔结构由间距为20～ 30 μm、且定向排列的层状结构演变为孔径约为4μm的定向通孔结构.当烧结温度由1200℃升至1500℃时,多孔SiC陶瓷开气孔率由66％下降至64％,抗压缩强度由4.5 MPa升至16 MPa.     

直接发泡法制备氧化铝多孔陶瓷

为了改善多孔氧化铝陶瓷的性能,考察了陶瓷悬浮液的固含量、造孔剂和其他添加剂种类对生坯体和烧结体机械强度的影响。发现固含量由53％减少至45％和40％时,机械强度大大降低。当向料浆中添加7％三种不同类型的淀粉时,气孔率没有明显提高;当用Al（OH）3替代30％的Al2O3时性能也没有改善。但采用直接发泡法制备多孔隔热陶瓷（Al2O3固含量53％,无添加剂）,热导率与其他三种商用隔热陶瓷砖相比有优势,气孔率达到81％,机械强度达到15MPa。     

高气孔率及低热导率多孔莫来石陶瓷的制备(英文)

采用叔丁醇基凝胶注模工艺制备多孔莫来石陶瓷,研究了固含量和烧结工艺对多孔莫来石陶瓷显微结构、气孔率、气孔尺寸及分布、压缩强度和室温热导率的影响。结果表明,固含量相同时,随着烧结温度的升高,多孔莫来石陶瓷的气孔率不断降低,而抗压强度则不断增加;当固含量为15%、烧结温度为1 350℃时,多孔莫来石陶瓷的气孔率最高为71.7%,平均气孔孔径为3.49μm,而热导率则低至0.103W/(m·K)。通过改变烧结温度和初始固含量可调整多孔莫来石陶瓷的微观结构和性能。     

组成对尾矿多孔玻璃陶瓷物理性能的影响研究

本文以铁尾矿为主要原料,石灰石、白云石、纯碱、砂岩以及分析纯Al2O3为校正原料,CaF2为助熔剂,NaHCO3为发泡剂,采用粉末烧结法制备了多孔玻璃陶瓷,通过L9(34)正交实验设计,研究了基础玻璃中主要氧化物SiO2、CaO、MgO、Al2O3的含量变化对多孔玻璃陶瓷表观密度、孔隙率、导热系数等物理性能及主晶相组成的影响.研究结果表明:随着SiO2含量的增加,Al2O3含量的减少,多孔玻璃陶瓷的表观密度降低,闭口孔隙率增大,导热系数减小;CaO与MgO含量的变化对表观密度无明显影响;随着CaO与MgO含量的增加,孔隙率先增大后减小;多孔玻璃陶瓷主晶相均为透辉石,在研究的成分范围内,四种主要氧化物含量的变化对主晶相无影响,但随着CaO/MgO的增加,多孔玻璃陶瓷衍射峰逐渐增强,晶相随之增多.     

凝胶注模技术制备高强度多孔氮化硅陶瓷

采用凝胶注模技术和无压烧结工艺制备高孔隙率、高强度多孔氮化硅陶瓷。研究了浆料固相含量对多孔氮化硅陶瓷坯体相对质量损失和收缩率的影响,测定了材料在烧结前后的物相组成,分析了浆料固相含量对多孔氮化硅陶瓷显微结构、孔隙率、弯曲强度及断裂韧性的影响。结果表明:随浆料固相含量增大,坯体相对质量损失率和收缩率减小,烧结后的多孔氮化硅陶瓷孔隙率由65.24%减小到61.19%;而弯曲强度和断裂韧性分别由93.91MPa和1.48MPa·m1/2提高到100.83MPa和1.58MPa·m1/2。长棒状β-Si3N4晶粒无规律的交错搭接和相互咬合是多孔氮化硅陶瓷在保持高孔隙率的同时具有高强度的主要原因。     

烧结助剂含量对多孔Si3N4/BN复合陶瓷力学性能和介电性能的影响

以Si3N4和BN为原料,叔丁醇为溶剂,SiO2、Y2O3和Al2O3为烧结助剂,采用凝胶注模成型工艺制备具有高强度、低介电常数多孔Si3N4/BN复合陶瓷。研究了Y2O3和Al2O3含量对多孔陶瓷气孔率、孔径分布、物相组成、显微结构、抗弯强度和介电常数的影响。结果表明:通过调节Y2O3和Al2O3含量,多孔Si3N4/BN复合陶瓷的气孔率由55%增加到68%,气孔尺寸呈单峰分布,平均孔径为0.89～1.02μm;抗弯强度和相对介电常数随Y2O3和Al2O3含量的增加而单调增大,抗弯强度和相对介电常数的变化范围分别为29.9～60.9 MPa和2.30～2.85;通过调节Y2O3和Al2O3含量调控气孔率,能够获得介电性能和力学性能可调的高性能透波材料。     

固相含量对淀粉原位凝固成型氧化铝陶瓷工艺中浆料流变性能及坯体性能的影响

探讨了固相含量对淀粉-Al2O3悬浮浆料的流变特性、固化行为、成型坯体显微结构和性能的影响。通过酯化淀粉原位凝固成型工艺可成型出结构完好、致密度较高的陶瓷坯体。研究表明浆料表观黏度随固相含量的增加而增加,但即使是固相体积分数为58%的高浓悬浮浆料,表观黏度仍小于1mPa·s,易于注模;随固相含量的增加,坯体的线收缩率和干燥强度下降,而坯体的相对密度不断增加;固相含量对坯体的微观结构和气孔分布也有显著影响。     

利用海藻酸钠自组装凝胶法制备YSZ多孔陶瓷（英文）

采用海藻酸钠自组装凝胶法制备具有蜂窝陶瓷孔结构的YSZ(yttria-stabilised zirconia)多孔陶瓷。YSZ多孔陶瓷具有有序的平行排列直通孔孔道、较高孔隙率和较好的机械强度。结果表明:调整浆料的固相含量可以有效调控YSZ多孔陶瓷的显微结构和性能。当固相含量为5%(质量分数)时,样品孔密度高达25 000 cpsi,平均孔径、孔壁厚度和孔隙率分别为140μm、25μm和74.9%;随着固相含量逐渐增加,样品孔隙率和孔密度减少,孔壁厚度和机械强度增加;但当固相含量增加到20%时,样品形成了总孔隙率为79.6%的一种特殊多孔结构。     

固相含量对多孔Si3N4显微结构及性能的影响

以氮化硅为原料,以叔丁醇为溶剂,采用凝胶注模成型工艺,在无压烧结温度1780℃、保温时间1.5h、流动氮气气氛下,成功制备出具有高强度和高气孔率的多孔氮化硅陶瓷透波材料.通过对材料的密度、孔隙率、压缩强度和介电性能测试及显微组织观察,系统分析了固相含量对透波多孔陶瓷性能的影响.研究结果表明:随着固相含量的提高,孔隙率与...     

High-performance and high-precision Al2O3 architectures enabled by high-solid-loading,graphene-containing slurries for top-down DLP 3D printing

To date, obtaining the high-solid-loading Al₂O₃ slurry and overcoming the trade-off between high solid loading and printing accuracy and strength of printed green bodies to achieve high-performance and precision Al₂O₃ ceramic parts by DLP 3D printing remain challenging. In this study, an Al₂O₃ slurry with high solid loading of 60 vol% was developed through dispersant optimisation for top-down DLP 3D printing. Graphene was innovatively introduced during slurry fabrication to decouple the printing accuracy and strength of green bodies from such high solid loading. Simultaneously, graphene addition could considerably reduce slurry fluidity, thereby facilitating its coordination with top-down DLP. With 0.07 wt% graphene addition, the dimension deviations of printed green bodies improved from 90 to 880 µm to ≤ 70 µm, and the bending strength increased by 17.75%. High-performance and precise Al₂O₃ ceramic components with low sintering shrinkages were prepared. The density and microhardness were 99.7% and 18.61 GPa, respectively.     

Novel structure of ceramic tape for multilayer devices

To reduce the content of binders surrounding ceramic powders in a ceramic tape and the residual pore after burnout to a minimum, a ceramic tape with double layers was manufactured. One layer was comprised of only organic binder, which imparted sufficient strength and strong adhesive property to the green tape. The other one was a ceramic layer with a very small amount of binder. The binder content of the slurry for ceramic layer was less than 2 wt%, which could lower the viscosity, make the slurry well dispersed and considerably increase solid loading in the slurry. This higher solid loading led to higher green tape density, higher fired density of the product. The two-layer ceramic tape showed much better qualities than a common (or conventional) green tape especially in microstructure, laminatablilty, and tape density. In the multilayer structure made of the two-layer ceramic tape, the binder layer completely disappeared after binder-burnout and no defects from the two-layer structure were observed.     

影响氧化铝水基料浆流变学特性的关键因素

用流变学的方法在RV-20型流变仪上研究不同条件,如:固含量、分散剂加入量、烧结助剂、增塑剂等对碱性氧化铝悬浮体的流变性的影响.结果表明:氧化铝陶瓷碱性料浆(pH＞7)在低的剪切速率(＜100 s-1)时,表现为剪切变稀.在水基料浆中添加MgO时,会发生强烈的水合反应,导致料浆失去流动性.增塑剂甘油的加入导致料浆粘度升高的幅度是有限的,不会对料浆固含量和浇铸工艺造成显著不利的影响.加入水溶性丙烯酸乳液后,在低的剪切速率下,料浆仍然呈现剪切变稀行为,随着乳液含量的增加,料浆的静态粘度逐渐增大.分散剂聚丙烯酸氨的加入量对料浆的稳定性具有显著的影响.在分散剂的加入量为固相质量的0.8%左右时,分散剂在陶瓷颗粒表面形成饱和吸附,此时料浆的稳定性达到了最佳状态.     

固相含量对氧化锆陶瓷注凝成型的影响

研究了超细ZrO2粉体注凝成型过程中固相含量对料浆粘度、生坯强度和烧结材料密度等的影响。在固相含量50vol%~54vol%的范围内,随着固相量的增加,料浆悬浮体的粘度明显提高,成型坯体的均匀性下降,生坯强度出现极值,烧结材料的密度逐渐降低,固相含量以50vol%~52vol%为宜。     

氧化铝凝胶注模成形的研究

研究了Al2O3凝胶注模成形中浆料的流变性,素坯的强度、密度等随有机单体丙烯酰胺和Al2O3固含量的变化特性。实验采用L8(27)正交试验,并对各分散剂对屈服应力有显著影响,球磨时间主要影响流变指数。在120℃干燥后,凝胶注模后的素坯的强度可达到28—45MPa。随着有机单体丙烯酰胺的含量的增加,素坯强度上升,而随着Al2O3固含量的增加,素坯强度下降。在600℃热处理后,坯体相对密度为57—60%。随着有机单体含量和Al2O3固含量的增加,坯体密度表现为先上升后下降的趋势。     

Mechanical behaviour and pore morphology of functionally graded alumina preforms and their composites

Functionally-graded ceramic composites were produced using a hot pour-and-set method via freeze casting of alumina slurries with solid loading between 40% and 20%, with gelatine as a binder. The slurry and additives were tailored for controlling the microstructure and mechanical properties, such as pore morphology, preform density and compressive strength. Varying the gelatine concentration between 2.5% and 9%, transformed the pore morphology from lamelllar to honeycomb and into closed cell. At 3% concentration, increasing the solid loading from 10% to 30% yielded higher compressive strength from 48 MPa to 317 MPa. The resultant compressive behaviour closely matched to Gibson-Ashby closed cell predictive model. Alumina/epoxy composite mechanical performance plateau as the solid loading increased; the 20% solid loading composite produced the best performance. The compressive strengths of the alumina/epoxy and alumina/aluminium composites were on average 300% and 1110% higher than their respective preform counterparts, across a solid loading range of 10–20%.     

Preparation of porous alumina ceramic with ultra-high porosity and long straight pores by freeze casting

Porous alumina ceramic was prepared by freeze casting method using tert-butyl alcohol as the solvent. The as?Cprepared porous alumina ceramic possessed long straight porous structure. The non-dendrite pore feature was quite distinguished from that prepared based on common solvents such as water and camphene. The porosity of the ceramic could be regulated through the solid loading. When the solid loading in the slurry was 20?vol%, the porosity of the alumina ceramic was 65%. With decreasing the solid loading, the porosity of the alumina ceramic increased linearly. The relationship between the total porosity (P) and initial solid loading (X) can be expressed as P?=?98.8?1.7X. The ultra-high porosity of 82% could be achieved when the solid loading was 10?vol%. Moreover, the density of the porous alumina ceramic with the porosity of 82% was even lower than water??s. The compressive strength of the porous alumina ceramic with the porosity of 63 and 82% was determined to be 37.0 and 2.6?MPa, respectively.     

直接凝固注模成型Si_3N_4及SiC陶瓷──基本原理及工艺过程

直接凝固注模成型（ｄｉｒｅｃｔｃｏａｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎｃａｓｔｉｎｇ，ＤＣＣ）是一种崭新的（准）净尺寸陶瓷成型方法。本文报道了采用此法成型Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４及ＳｉＣ陶瓷的基本原理和工艺过程。ＤＣＣ成型工艺过程为把高固相含量低粘度的陶瓷浆料浇注到无孔模具中，事先加入到浆料中的生物酶及化学物质通过改变浆料的ｐＨ或电解质浓度来改变浆料的胶体化学行为，从而使浆料原位凝固，得到有足够脱模强度的陶瓷坯体。ＤＣＣ成型的特点为坯体密度高（理论密度的５５％～７０％），坯体均匀，不用或只需少量的有机添加剂（少于１％），可成型大尺寸、复杂形状、高可靠性的陶瓷部件。     

Aqueous Gelcasting of Fused Silica Using Colloidal Silica Binder

An aqueous‐based gelcasting of fused silica ceramics by using colloidal silica binder was developed. Fused silica slurries having different volume percentage of solid loading from 63 to 74 vol% in colloidal silica were made and the rheological properties were evaluated. It was found that the slurry with 73 vol% of solid loading with viscosity 0.70 Pa.s is suitable for this gelcasting system. The influence of solid loading on physical and mechanical properties of gelcast green and sintered bodies has been studied. The fabricated green body by using colloidal silica binder exhibited a flexural strength of 9 MPa and 88% of theoretical density with 2.2% of drying shrinkage while the sintered sample exhibited flexural strength of 60 MPa and 95% of theoretical density with 4.3% of sintering shrinkage. It was observed that, the nano silica particles from the colloidal silica binder is filling the interstitial positions in the consolidated fused silica green body and enhancing physical and mechanical properties.     

直接凝固注模成形制备Al2O3基陶瓷材料的研究

本文介绍了用直接凝固注模成形法制备Ａｌ２Ｏ３基陶瓷材料的基本工艺过程；研究了陶瓷浆料的固相含量，原位凝固剂等对材料性能的影响。结果表明，原位凝固剂可使浆料原位凝固，通过调节固相含量、凝固剂、缓冲剂可以控制凝固时间和陶瓷坯体强度；陶瓷坯体具有尺寸变化率小，密度较高且均匀，足够的脱模强度，表面质量好等特点。