稻曲病药剂防治试验

稻曲病是水稻生长后期发生的一种主要病害。近年来该病的发生及危害日趋严重，严重影响稻谷质量和产量。为了筛选出安全、高效的药剂，为指导大面积防治提供依据，本站2000年对安福、瘟曲净、稻后安等13种杀菌剂进行了药剂防治试验，并用瘟曲克星进行防治稻曲病适期试验。     

40％星光可湿性粉剂防治稻曲病试验

40％星光可湿性粉剂是防治水稻稻曲病的新农药，为验证该药防治水稻稻曲病的最佳适期以及对水稻生长的影响，我们在王金Qiang村单季稻破口抽穗期进行了试验。     

真灵悬浮剂防治稻曲病的效果试验

近年来，稻曲病在运西地区危害越来越重，一般情况下，穗发病率约在2％以上，严重田块病穗率超过5％，不仅造成一定产量损失，而且还可使稻米受到污染。为此，我们在2000年进行了几种药剂防治稻曲病的田间试验。     

稻曲病及其防治

1　稻曲病危害、损失及影响因素1 1　稻曲病危害稻曲病粒含对人、畜、禽有毒物及致病色素Ｃ9Ｈ6 Ｏ7。此病谷喂猪后 ,肉猪生长、增重速率下降 ;母猪产死胎、畸形胎 ,仔猪成活率降低。1 2　稻曲病损失稻曲病使稻谷千粒重、产量下降 ,秕谷、碎米增加 ,出米率、品质降低。此病引起结实率、千粒重下降 ,穗重损失与病粒数呈正相关 ,相关系数ｒ =0 9975 ;一般产量损失约 5 % ,约为 45 0ｋｇ/ｈｍ2 ,重的更多。1 3　稻曲病发病影响因素稻曲病发病率及程度与稻品种抗 (感 )性、施肥特别是氮素、抽穗早迟、及气候密切相关。抽穗期阴雨日多、量大 …     

湖北省水稻稻曲病发生趋势

一、发生趋势预计今年湖北水稻稻曲病发生程度为4至5级。二、预报依据1、水稻品种近年来水稻稻曲病发生严重,现在种植的中稻品种均为感病品种。2、气候条件进入8月以来,降水较多,平均温度在28℃至30℃,对稻曲病发生有利。     

18％曲纹清等防治水稻稻曲病田间药效

近几年来,随着水稻品种的变更和施肥水平的提高,稻曲病的发生危害日趋严重,大发生年高感品种的病穗率高达95％以上,对水稻的结实率、千粒重及品质造成严重影响。生产上迫切需要安全、高效、低毒、低残留的药剂,以有效控制稻曲病的发生危害。2000年我们对18％曲纹清等几个防治稻曲病的复配药剂进行了田间药效对比试验。     

防治稻曲病——生防杀菌剂研制成功

<正>近日,从湖南省农科院植保所传出喜讯,植保专家成功研制出用于防治水稻稻曲病的生防杀菌剂PSB-10。据了解,这是一种高效防控水稻稻曲病的生物制剂,成为"综合防控技术体系"的核心技术,尤其对稻曲病孢子萌发抑制率达100%。试验表明,该药剂对稻曲病的平均防效达76.32%,不仅比对照增产5.12%,而且无毒副作用。     

稻曲病防治药剂筛选与防治适期研究

<正>水稻稻曲病是世界性真菌病害,属子囊菌纲麦角菌科,也被称为伪黑穗病、黑球菌及青粉病。稻曲病一般可使水稻减产10%～40%,最严重时可减产80%以上,同时对米质有严重的影响。影响稻曲病防治效果的最主要因素一是药剂的选择,二是防治适期的掌握。为了研究和筛选防治水稻稻曲     

水稻病虫害防治

<正>1病害防治水稻播种至秧田期稻农要重点防治种土传病害恶苗病、苗稻瘟、干尖线虫病等;在水稻破口期要重点防治穗瘟、稻曲病等病害;水稻穗期要重点防治纹枯病、稻曲病、细菌性病害和穗颈瘟。     

敌力脱防治水稻中后期病害的初步研究

本文进行了敌力脱（丙环唑）防治水稻中后期纹枯病、叶鞘腐败病、稻田病和稻粒黑粉病的药效试验。结果表明：防治稻纹枯病、稻曲病、稻叶鞘腐败病和稻粒黑粉病的效果分别为７６．０％、１００％、７１．８％和７８．０％。初步认为敌力脱是防治水稻中后期病害较好的药剂，能达到多种病害兼治的目的。     

皮革离型纸及其制造工艺细分

介绍了使用皮革离型纸和钢带制造人造革的2种方法,并对2种方法进行了比较。根据市场部反馈的最新信息,对皮革离型纸行业的市场状况和制造商进行了归纳。另外,还介绍了皮革离型纸的基本结构和材料组成。作者对不同厂家不同型号的皮革离型纸产品进行了大量的实验及及分析工作,并且结合各种专利及文献内容,根据皮革离型纸制造工艺的不同,对其产品种类进行了细分并详细描述了各类产品的原材料组成、工艺过程和产品应用范围。最后,介绍了公司在皮革离型纸开发方面所取得的成绩。     

Hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid-modified starch-based flame retardant in improving the flame retardancy of insulating paper

In order to improve the flame-retardant performance of insulating paper and reduce the fire risk, hydroxyethyl diphosphate and dicyandiamide were used to modify starch to prepare a new starch-based flame retardant (SHPD). The combustion, mechanical, and electrical properties of SHPD treated flame-retardant insulating paper were investigated. The results showed that when the impregnation concentration of SHPD was 25.0%, the limiting oxygen index of the insulating paper was increased from 18.3% to 38.3% and reached the level of UL-94 V-0. The tensile index and burst index of the flame-retardant insulating papers were only 10.17% and 12.5% lower than that of the control insulating paper. The ring crush strength and alternating current breakdown strength in air of the flame-retardant insulating papers were 63.3% and 1.8% higher than that of the control insulating paper. The SHPD flame retardant has a good application prospect in insulating paper.     

低引燃倾向(LIP)卷烟纸热失重和热裂解产物的研究

采用热重分析法研究了低引燃倾向(LIP)卷烟纸的热失重行为。将LIP卷烟纸分别在300,600,900℃的空气环境下进行热裂解,并与对照卷烟纸的裂解产物进行对比。结果表明:①由于阻燃剂吸收部分热量,LIP卷烟纸起始裂解温度向低温方向偏移;②LIP卷烟纸的裂解产物和对照卷烟纸相比,物质和含量不同,但产物种类相同,主要是酮类、酯类、醛类、酸类物质,在LIP卷烟纸中还检测到21种致香成分,明显多于对照卷烟纸的7种,且致香成分的含量随裂解温度的升高而降低。     

The Influence of Isopropyl Alcohol and Non-ionic Surfactant Solutions on the Mechanical Properties of Offset Paper

The dynamic mechanical properties of coated offset paper before and after application of isopropyl alcohol and surfactant solutions have been investigated. The mechanical properties of the papers were studied with dynamical mechanical analysis in the tensile mode and the samples were submitted to a uniaxial loading in stress–strain measurements. An increase in the isopropyl alcohol concentration slightly reduced the mechanical strength, while the addition of surfactant clearly made the paper stiffer and weakened the paper strength. As the surface tensions of the liquids were adjusted to the same level, the changes in mechanical properties are ascribed to changes in water-induced wetting and subsequent changes in interfacial properties within the paper constituents. The storage and loss moduli of the paper after application of the surfactant solutions were twice those recorded after isopropyl alcohol treatment. The binder was not affected by the solutions, but there was significant debonding, disrupting the internal or surface structure in the base paper-coating layer interface, especially by surfactant solutions.     

Esterification of Galactomannan and Polyacid as Paper Strengthening Agent

In this paper, eight paper strengthening agents were obtained by the esterification of galactomannan with trimesic acid or butanetetracarboxylic acid. The esterified galactomannan was studied using a ¹³C NMR spectrum, Frontier transform infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Then, the properties of the paper with esterified galactomannan were also investigated. The results of the ¹³C NMR spectrum and infrared spectroscopic analysis showed that the galactomannan had been successfully esterified with the trimesic acid or butanetetracarboxylic acid. The paper properties with 1% esterified galactomannan were found to be efficiently improved, when compared with the control sample. The polyacid dosages were also found to affect the paper properties. The SEM analysis showed that the esterified galactomannan could effectively increase the inter-fiber bonding in the paper.     

Shrinkage of Recycled Paper Sheet During Drying

The properties of recycled paper are strongly affected by shrinking during drying, which depends on the drying conditions. An experimental study of the shrinkage phenomenon during drying of paper is presented. Drying experiments were conducted in a drying oven with controlled temperature. The temperature influence on shrinkage extent, porosity, and apparent density of the paper was evaluated. Structural changes on the paper surface after drying were analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy. Thickness contraction, surface, and volumetric shrinkage were correlated as a function of the moisture content. Lower apparent density values and more porous paper samples were obtained for higher temperatures.     

Mechanical properties of polymer–paper laminates

Tensile mechanical properties of synthetic polymer–paper laminates were measured. The laminates were constructed by hot pressing a sandwich made of a sheet of paper between polymer films. There is complete penetration of the polymer inside the paper; no voids are left. Two different polymer matrices were used: poly(methyl methacrylate) and polyethylene. Several paper samples were utilized: an unoriented holocellulose paper (a strong paper), a highly oriented holocellulose paper, and an unoriented Whatman filter paper (a weak paper). The laminates contain from 0% to 50% of paper. Young's moduli and breaking strengths of the unoriented holocellulose paper laminates can be theoretically predicted from the properties of their constituents using laws of mixtures. The mechanical properties of the Whatman paper laminates are significantly higher than those predicted from the laws of mixtures. This indicates that the polymer increases the strength of the fiber-to-fiber bonds of the weaker sheets, although it does not change the bond strength of a stronger paper such as the holocellulose paper. For the oriented paper laminates, changes in Young's modulus with angle of measurement are explained by the composite materials theories if the angular variations in shear modulus are taken in to account. Changes in breaking strength with angle for the oriented laminates can be analyzed by Tsai and Azzi's theory for composite materials.     

造纸用微细碳酸钙的工艺技术

造纸工业在我国国民经济中占有重要地位,而碳酸钙在纸张中的作用主要是作纸张的填料,以保证纸张一定的强度和白度,同时降低生产成本。从目前纸张的产量和结构来看,碳酸钙的需求将会有很大增长。着重介绍了造纸用微细碳酸钙的技术工艺。指出碳酸钙行业应推广机械化立窑、连续碳化、母液闭路循环等新工艺,开发科技含量高、附加值高的微细产品,优化发展环境,并增加产品的抗风险能力和竞争力。     

Paper properties affecting pressure-sensitive tape adhesion

The interaction between paper and pressure-sensitive adhesive was investigated by peel adhesion testing. The paper/adhesive peel curves were analyzed by plotting the logarithm of the peak peel force (i.e. the maximum value) against the logarithm of the peel rate, yielding two linear segments: a peel-rate-dependent interfacial failure domain and a rate-independent paper failure domain. Three independent parameters were extracted from these plots, namely, the interfacial peel force (F _in) at a low peel rate of 1 mm/min, the maximum peel force (F _c) and the slope (S _p) in the plot of log (interfacial peel force) versus log (peel rate). The linkages between paper and its peel responses were analyzed using the multivariate statistical methods. The paper properties influencing peel force in interfacial failure domain were found to be primarily the paper surface chemistry, characterized by oxygen/carbon ratio (determined by XPS), and secondarily paper surface roughness. The peel force increased with oxygen/carbon ratio and with the surface roughness. The log–log slope in the interfacial failure domain was found to be independent of paper properties; it is determined by the adhesive rheology. The governing paper property in the paper failure domain was found to be the paper internal bond strength as measured by an internal (Scott) bond tester.     

喷射器在轻化工节能改造中的应用

介绍了喷射器的工作原理。分析了喷射器在轻化工领域中的造纸行业、石油工业、合成氨生产以及脱碳工艺的节能改造中的应用,文章的研究可为同行业的工业应用提供指导。