面向对象方法在水电站监控系统软件开发中的应用

使用面向对象（ＯＯＰ）的编程技术来实现水电站ＳＣＡＤＡ系统软件的开放性，并结合水电站监控系统应用软件的开发给出了使用ＶｉｓｕａｌＣ＋＋语言的一些实现方法。应用表明，将ＯＯＰ引入ＳＣＡＤＡ系统应用软件开发，可以缩短开发周期，提高软件的可移植性和可扩充性。     

计算机监控系统中高分辨率图形显示的实现

介绍在Ｂｏｒｌａｎｄ公司的Ｃ及Ｃ＋＋编译器上实现计算机监控系统中高分辨率２５６色图形的显示，并运用于欧阳海水电站．     

水电站闸门监控装置（RTU）的通信系统

讨论了水电站闸门监控装置（ＲＴＵ）与调度中心计算机的通信系统，采用ＲＳ４２２通信模式较好地解决了较长距离通信问题，该系统用于某水电站闸门监控装置中，效果较好。     

汉坪嘴水电站计算机监控系统

汉坪嘴水电站全厂只设1套计算机监控系统,无常规监控系统,与首台机组同步投运,实现了“无人值班”(少人值守)的设计思路,主要介绍汉坪嘴水电站计算机监控系统配置和改进措施。     

水电站智能监控服务支持系统研究与应用

结合水电站生产管理实际需求,分析了水电站监控系统应用现状,提出了水电站监控服务支持系统方案,解决了水电站计算机监控系统使用不方便、数据利用不充分等问题。系统在琅琊山水电站应用证明,水电站监控服务支持系统为设备运维检修、故障识别及故障分析提供了全面的数据支持,亦为全厂各类生产管理提供了便利。     

开放式分层全分布水电站计算机监控系统设计

分布式数据库和全开放式以太网总线网络为开放式分层全分布水电站计算机监控系统的两个主要特征,介绍了该系统构架过程中的核心技术及特点,并以长江三峡右岸水电站计算机监控系统应用为例,表明开放式分层全分布监控系统的应用必将推动开放式分层全分布理论和技术进一步完善和发展.     

安康水电站计算机监控系统介绍

简要地介绍了安康水电站计算机监控系统的结构、软硬件配置、系统性能指标、系统功能等     

基于多协议转化分层分布数据库的农村水电站监控系统设计与应用

针对农村水电站计算机监控改造过程中监控系统大型化、现地控制安全可靠性低、多种智能设备通讯协议不一致等问题,基于GE Cimplicity 组态软件的HMI Plant Edit框架,采用Microsoft SQL 2000 数据库分层分布式技术和协议转化技术,设计了基于多协议转化分层分布数据库的农村水电站监控系统。遂昌县应村水电站的应用实践表明,该组态软件框架编程简单、实用、省时、投资成本低,安全可靠。     

大峡水电站利用监控系统对顶盖水位的监视

顶盖是水电站水轮机的重要部位,因各种原因引起的水导、顶盖淹没事故在大峡水电站几年中较为常见,电站利用电容物位变送器接入监控系统,把水位变化的位移量转换成线性4～20 mA DC输入电站计算机监控系统的模拟量,监控系统上位机做出对顶盖水位的监视画面,以图形界面的方式监视,实现方法直观、有效、方便,改变了之前顶盖部位运行中的不安全因素.提高了大峡水电站安全、经济运行水平.     

发电厂计算机监控系统调频仿真

本文以华中某大型水电站计算机监控系统为对象进行调频模式的仿真研究。先建立不同类型电厂的数学模型,再作网络简化,用同步功率系数表征小被动下的网络特性,求得电力系统的简化数学模型,据此进行仿真计算求出较佳的计算机监控系统参数。     

燃气轮机振荡燃烧主动控制方法

振荡燃烧是贫燃预混燃烧室普遍面临的不稳定燃烧现象,该现象会导致发动机振动,污染物排放加剧,喷嘴烧蚀等,因此需要对这种现象进行控制,以减小压力脉动。本文针对某型低排放燃烧室,以对值班燃料供给控制为核心,设计了一套振荡燃烧主动控制系统,并进行了试验研究。分析了燃烧室内压力脉动控制的影响因素和变化规律,试验研究表明：（1）该系统有效地抑制了燃烧室的压力脉动。（2）控制系统投入工作的相位不同时,抑制效果明显变化。（3）该系统对由贫燃燃烧不稳定引起的压力脉动有明显抑制效果,对其他原因引起的脉动无明显抑制效果。     

以PMV为基础的模糊控制器在VAV空调系统中的应用

通过对以热舒适性指标ＰＭＶ为参数的模糊控制方法和以固定室内温度的 ＰＩＤ控制方法的比较,得出了前者不但能够达到满足室内人员的热舒适性要求, 更能节省能量消耗的特点。在空调系统模拟软件ＨＶＡＣＳＩＭ＋的辅助下,对这 一结论进行了验证。     

Analysis of change in electric energy cost with using renewable energy sources in Gökceada, Turkey: An island example

In this study, electric requirement of Gökceada, the biggest island of Turkey is analyzed that how can it be supplied with renewable energy sources. In order to consider the optimal system configuration of hybrid or non-hybrid renewable energy system, the HOMER program is used. At relevant studies which are done about renewable energy sources, it is seen that cost analysis are done according to annual average values. But in this study, HOMER program is used in order to make the system which is generated with computer, as real as possible. On the other studies, it is found out that various changes which are occurred in the year cannot be added to the system. With HOMER; the effect of values which vary by the time like electric load, wind speed and solar radiation, is considered and than the electric system are modelled. For each of these data, 8760 values are formed in HOMER. HOMER cannot model transient changes which is smaller than 1 h. However; it is expressed that, hourly data are sufficient in order to analyze the system like this. In this study; systems which are composed of solar panels, wind turbines and batteries, auxiliary tools are modelled with considered various scenarios. Grid connection or diesel generators for backup power are also modelled. Values of components which form the renewable system of Gökceada, are determined by the simulations. The excess energy which occurs when the energy source is bigger than the load, can be sold to the grid and so, the cost of energy can be reduced. According to the simulation results; it is seen that, energy costs of wind energy systems are lower for Gökceada. It is revealed that wind energy is advantageous in Gökceada especially with grid sales according to the grid connected scenario.     

Design of reflectors which will distribute sunlight in a specified manner

A differential equation is obtained for the shape of a reflecting surface which will distribute axially symmetric light intensity into a specified irradiance over a receiver surface which is symmetric about the direction of the incident light. Results are applied to the design of rotationally symmetric solar reflectors and also to a 2-dimensional geometry, that is one in which the reflector is a cylinder with its axis perpendicular to the incident beam. The procedure is used to numerically calculate the shape of reflectors which will uniformly concentrate collimated light and also light from a point source over a flat receiver surface. Results are also applied to determine the shape of a reflector which will distribute collimated light uniformly over the surface of a cylinder and also over a sphere.     

基于神经网络和混合遗传算法的凝汽器真空优化控制

利用人工神经网络进行凝汽器真空建模,然后采用混合遗传算法对运行工况寻优,以获得各种工况下凝汽器的最佳运行方式。通过对某电厂的300MW机组现场热态试验与计算,表明该方法可以指导运行人员进行凝汽器真空的优化调整。     

On-site experimental estimation of thermal conductivities and heat capacities in multilayer walls under arbitrary transient conditions using explicit and implicit finite difference schemes

It is often required to estimate the thermal properties of the layers of a multilayer wall, which is already part of an existing building. Such cases are encountered when an ex post check is required in order to find out if the design specifications have been followed, or if air conditioning loads have to be calculated in old buildings, the walls of which are composed of layers of unknown materials and thermal properties. In the present study, a method is proposed for estimating the thermal conductivities and heat capacities of the layers a multilayer wall is composed of. The method is based on explicit and implicit finite difference schemes and uses on-site temperature measurements at various locations within the wall. It is applicable to multilayer walls which are already parts of buildings. The outdoor and indoor conditions may be arbitrary, i.e. transient, nonperiodic, with solar radiation. The accuracy of the method, which has been verified by numerical and experimental applications, depends on the available number of temperature values in space. For example, in a 10-cm thick wall layer, measurement at five locations gives satisfactory accuracy, which is considerably improved by increasing the number of values in space using fourth-order polynomial interpolation.     

气动-柴油混合动力空气管理策略研究

根据不同经济性指标,对并联式气动-柴油混合动力发动机提出了相应的空气管理方案,并进行了数值仿真研究.计算结果表明:以气动缸最高效率为目标的优化方案适合在常规工况下使用;以最低气耗率为目标的优化方案可作为短时间、高负荷工况时的补充,而以两缸流量相等的方案不宜在该混合动力发动机中使用.此外还对柴油缸采用增压技术、改变两缸转速比等方案进行了探讨.     

Heat and mass transfer in steam desorption of an activated carbon adsorber

Activated carbon columns are often used for purification of indoor air which is contaminated with solvent vapours. The regeneration of the used activated carbon is practically conducted with steam, which is followed with a drying/cooling process to dry and to cool down the column, as cold and dry carbon is essential for the followed adsorption cycle. A Double-Two-Mechanism-Model was proposed to describe the dynamic steaming process which has been a less understood but an important step in the adsorption cycles. Experiments in a pilot-scale adsorber showed strong evidence of these mechanisms which will lead to a better understanding of steam regeneration process.     

生物柴油混合燃料低温流动性的改进研究

探索通过添加不同比例的乙醇后对混合燃料低温流动性的改善效果。试验结果表明,20％黄连木生物柴油混合燃料,20％麻风树生物柴油混合燃料在乙醇添加比例为5％时,两种混合燃料的凝点、粘度都能下降到0#柴油的标准。     

Evaluation of global niobium flow modeling and its market forecasting

Metal, as the indispensable material, is functioning the society from technology to the environment. Niobium (Nb) is considered a unique earth metal as it is related to many emerging technologies. The increasing economic growth exerts an increasing pressure on supply, which leads to its significance in the economic sector. However, few papers have addressed Nb sustainability, which forms the scope of this paper in order to start the process of Nb market forecasting based on some previous data and some assumptions. Therefore, this paper will discuss different thoughts in material substitution and the substance flow of Nb throughout a static flow using Nb global data to have a better understanding of the process of Nb from production to end of life. This shall lead to the identification of the market needs to determine its growth which is around 2.5% to 3.0%. Moreover, due to China’s huge Nb consumption which comes from the continuous development that is happening over the years, it will also briefly mention the Nb situation as well as its growth which according to statistics will grow steadily till 2030 by a rate of 4.0% to 6.0%. The results show that there should be some enhancement to Nb recycling potentials out of steel scrap. In addition, there should be more involvement of Nb in different industries as this would lead to less-used materials which can be translated to less environmental impact.